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Dwarf Palm

Chamaerops humilis (KAM-ay-rops HEW-mil-is)

Family: Arecaceae Non-native Understory (15-40 ft)

The European fan palm is a perennial, evergreen shrub in the palm family (Arecaceae). It is native to the Mediterranean coast of Europe and North Africa. The genus name is from the Greek words for “ground shrub,” referring to its low-to-the-ground stature. The Latin epithet means “low-growing.” It is easily grown in a bright sunny location (but tolerates partial shade). It loses its compact shape if it has too much shade. It is not particular about soil type, as long as it is well-drained. Once established, it withstands drought and heat. The best growth occurs in Mediterranean-type climates. European fan palm is a clustering palm that has stocky trunks and a large, bushy, mounded form. If pruned (suckers removed), it will grow into a single trunk tree form, but some cultivars naturally have a single, erect trunk. There is variation in leaf color, leaf shape and texture, and petiole armament. It makes a nice barrier or group accent at the corner of the landscape. Use in containers for patio, deck or foundation areas. It is often used in commercial landscapes where its slow growth needs little maintenance. It may even be grown indoors as a houseplant, although other palms are more well-suited to low-light interiors. It is one of the most cold-hardy palms. Use it in a foundation planting, winter garden, formal garden, or drought tolerant garden. The silver variety would be an outstanding addition to a moonlit nighttime garden. Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: Overwatering can cause root rot and stem rot. Monitor for mealy bugs, scale, and spider mites when grown indoors.

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 55 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 2 - Understory (15-40 ft) Optimal soil pH Neutral (6.0-8.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Houseplant; Perennial; Shrub; Tree
Life cycle
Perennial; Woody
USDA zones
8a, 8b, 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b, 11a, 11b
Light
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
High Organic Matter
Soil pH
Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Soil drainage
Good Drainage
Available space
6-feet-12 feet; 12-24 feet
NC region
Coastal
Mature size
Height: 6 ft. 0 in. - 15 ft. 0 in. | Width: 6 ft. 0 in. - 20 ft. 0 in.
Growth rate
Slow
Maintenance
Low
Canopy layer
2 - Understory (15-40 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Clumping; Erect; Multi-stemmed; Multi-trunked; Rounded
Texture
Coarse
Foliage
Broadleaf Evergreen
Leaf color
Blue; Gray/Silver; Green
Leaf type
Compound (Pinnately , Bipinnately, Palmately)
Leaf arrangement
Other/more complex
Leaf shape
Palmasect
Leaf margin
Entire; Lobed
Leaf value
Showy
Leaf size
> 6 inches long, > 6 inches wide
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
Huge, distinctive, triangular, fine-textured, palmate-compound leaves. Each light blue-green to silver-green leaf (to 24” long and as wide) has 10-20 narrow, finger-like, deeply divided leaflets that are arranged in the shape of a fan at the end of a spiny petiole (leaf stalk to 3-4’ long). The petioles are armed with numerous sharp, needle-like spines.
Flower color
Gold/Yellow
Flower value
Showy
Flower form
Panicle
Flower detail
Bright yellow flowers bloom in spring but are somewhat hidden from view in the leaf axils.
Bloom time
Spring
Fruit color
Brown/Copper; Green; Orange; Purple/Lavender; Red/Burgundy
Fruit size
< 1 inch long, < 1 inch wide
Fruit detail
Fruit is red, purple, or green and look berry-like but a little larger than berries.
Bark color
Light Brown; Light Gray
Bark detail
Trunk is hairy, light brown/ light gray, and has rough edges.
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Non-native
Origin
Western & Central Mediterranean coasts of Europe and Africa.
Distribution
cultivated in areas with Mediterranean climates.
Landscape Use
Landscape location
Coastal; Container; Houseplants; Patio; Pool/Hardscape; Slope/Bank
Landscape theme
Drought Tolerant Garden; English Garden; Nighttime Garden; Rock Garden; Winter Garden
Design feature
Accent; Barrier; Foundation Planting; Specimen
Garden tags
#salt tolerant #yellow flowers #houseplant #full sun tolerant #shrub #Mediterranean #evergreen #palm #hardy #fan shaped #winter interest #partial shade tolerant #container plant #patio
Problems & Resistance
Resistant to
Heat; Salt; Urban Conditions
Particularly resistant to
moderately salt tolerant
Propagation
Division; Seed

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.