Students for Stewardship The Cork Board
← Back to the library

Ceylon cinnamon

Cinnamomum verum (sin-uh-MOH-mum VAIR-um)

Family: Lauraceae Unknown Canopy (>40 ft)

Cinnamomum comes from the Greek word Kinnamomon, which translates to spice, while verum means true. Thus the common name of True Cinnamon. Cinnamon is a small evergreen tropical tree native to Sri Lanka that is not likely to grow well in North Carolina due to colder winter temperatures. Optimum conditions for growing include warm and wet climate. Young trees will perform at their best when shade from the afternoon sun is provided. As the tree matures, it can withstand more sunlight. Typically a tree grown in the tropics, it can thrive in a cooler location when overwintered in a protected environment, under glass or in a conservatory. After overwintering under glass, allow the tree to acclimate to the outdoors by placing outdoors for short periods of time, and slowly increasing its outdoor time each day. Failure to provide the necessary time to acclimate can cause the leaves to scorch. Oils from the foliage and bark are both fragrant, and are used in the production of food and beverages as well as soaps and candles. After drying the bark, it can be used as a spice for baking, or a seasoning for meats, sauces, pickles, and confectionery treats. True cinnamon is pollinated by insects, especially flies. Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: A host plant for the cinnamon butterfly, who can defoliate young plants. Beetles and leaf miners feed on the plant. Issues with aphids, whiteflies and scale are possible. Stripe canker, anthracnose, and leaf spot are also issues for this plant. Although not considered invasive in the US, it has escaped cultivation in many Pacific Island locals. These locations include Samoa, Fiji and the Cook Islands.

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 58 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 1 - Canopy (>40 ft) Optimal soil pH Acid (<6.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Edible; Perennial; Tree
Life cycle
Woody
USDA zones
10a, 10b, 11a, 11b, 12a, 12b
Light
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
Clay; Loam (Silt); Sand
Soil pH
Acid (<6.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Soil drainage
Good Drainage | Moist
Available space
12-24 feet; 24-60 feet
Mature size
Height: 30 ft. 0 in. - 50 ft. 0 in. | Width: 20 ft. 0 in. - 40 ft. 0 in.
Growth rate
Medium
Maintenance
Low
Canopy layer
1 - Canopy (>40 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Erect
Texture
Medium
Foliage
Broadleaf Evergreen
Leaf color
Green
Leaf type
Simple
Leaf arrangement
Opposite
Leaf shape
Oblong; Ovate
Leaf margin
Entire
Leaf feel
Leathery
Leaf value
Edible; Fragrant
Leaf size
> 6 inches long, 3-6 inches wide
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
The large leaves can grow up to lengths of 10". They have 3 distinct yellow veins. Young leaves can have a reddish tint.
Flower color
Cream/Tan; Gold/Yellow; White
Flower form
Insignificant; Panicle
Flower shape
Star
Flower size
< 1 inch
Flower detail
The flowers have an unpleasant aroma.
Bloom time
Winter
Fruit color
Purple/Lavender
Fruit type
Drupe
Fruit value
Fragrant
Fruit size
< 1 inch long, < 1 inch wide
Fruit detail
The fleshy, green fruits will mature to dark purple. They form as drupes and will contain one seed. Although they have a cinnamon aroma, they are not used for the production of cinnamon.
Bark color
Dark Brown; Red/Burgundy
Bark detail
The bark is fragrant.
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Unknown
Origin
Sri Lanka
Attracts
Butterflies; Pollinators; Songbirds
Play value
Fragrance; Shade
Food & Medicine
Edible parts
Bark
Fruit type
Drupe

Edibility

The inner bark is edible dried and ground and used as a spice for both savory and sweet cooking. Oils are also extracted from the plant and used as flavoring.

Uses (ethnobotany)

It is used to treat a wide variety of medical conditions.

Landscape Use
Landscape location
Container; Patio; Woodland
Design feature
Accent; Specimen
Garden tags
#tropical tree #small tree #evergreen tree #evergreen #non-toxic for cats #non-toxic for horses #non-toxic for dogs #fragrant leaves #wet soils tolerant #pollinator plant #warm climates #heat intolerant #pollinator garden #wet soils intolerant #rocky soils intolerant #fragrant bark #broadleaf evergreen
Problems & Resistance
Insect problems
Aphids on Ornamental Landscape Plants; Aphids Found on Flowers and Foliage
Propagation
Seed; Stem Cutting

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.