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Spring Meadow Saffron

Colchicum bulbocodium (KOHL-chik-um bulb-oh-KOD-ee-um)

Family: Colchicaceae Non-native Groundcover (<1 ft)

Bulbocodium vernum , commonly called Spring Meadow Saffron, is a perennial, bulbous herb with basal leaves and flowers emerging from a basal sheath. The plant is native to alpine meadows and hillsides in Europe, North Africa, West and Central Asia, North India and West China and is often cultivated as an ornamental. In late spring, it sends up a clump of basal foliage that gradually yellows and dies by summer as the plants go dormant. Naked flower stems rise from the ground to 4 to 6 inches tall in late summer to early fall, bearing goblet-shaped flowers. Spring Meadow Saffron, grows well in medium moisture, well-drained soils in full sun to light shade and prefers deep, fertile soils. To grow from bulbs, plant the corms 3 inches deep and 6 inches apart in late summer for bloom the same year in the fall. You can dig and divide the plants during the mid-summer dormant period when the plant's leaves turn, but it will naturalize over time on its own. Diseases, Insect Pests, and Other Plant Problems: No serious insect or disease problems. Watch for slugs and snails. More information on Colchicum .

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 51 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 5 - Groundcover (<1 ft) Optimal soil pH Acid (<6.0); Alkaline (>8.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Fills a similar niche Actaea Allium Anemone blanda

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Bulb; Perennial; Poisonous
Life cycle
Bulb; Perennial
USDA zones
4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b
Light
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
High Organic Matter; Loam (Silt)
Soil pH
Acid (<6.0); Alkaline (>8.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Soil drainage
Good Drainage
Available space
Less than 12 inches
Mature size
Height: 0 ft. 6 in. - 0 ft. 9 in. | Width: 0 ft. 6 in. - 0 ft. 9 in.
Growth rate
Medium
Maintenance
Low
Canopy layer
5 - Groundcover (<1 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Erect
Leaf color
Green
Leaf shape
Lanceolate
Leaf size
> 6 inches long
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
Four to six lance-shaped, dark green leaves to 14 inches long.
Flower color
Pink; Red/Burgundy; White
Flower value
Good Cut; Showy
Flower form
Solitary
Flower shape
Cup
Flower size
1-3 inches
Flower detail
Naked flower stems rise from the ground to 4 to 6 inches tall in late summer to early fall bearing goblet-shaped flowers (to 3 inches long).
Bloom time
Fall
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Non-native
Origin
European Mountains to Northern Caucasus
Distribution
Across Europe from France to Russia and south to the Balkans and Turkey
Attracts
Bees; Butterflies
Food & Medicine

Edibility

Poisonous

Landscape Use
Landscape location
Lawn; Meadow; Woodland
Landscape theme
Butterfly Garden; Cutting Garden; Drought Tolerant Garden; Rock Garden
Design feature
Border; Mass Planting
Garden tags
#poisonous #perennial bulbs #bulb #white flowers #rose #perennial #herb garden #problem for cats
Problems & Resistance
Insect problems
Slugs & Snails on Ornamental Plants
Problems
Poisonous to Humans; Problem for Cats
Resistant to
Deer; Drought
Propagation
Division; Seed
Poison severity
High
Poison parts
Flowers; Leaves; Roots; Stems
Poison symptoms
Highly toxic and can be fatal if ingested. Cramping, vomiting, diarrhea, increased blood pressure, and respiratory failure can result.
Toxic principle
Alkaloid colchicine
Contact dermatitis
Yes
Toxicity summary
High severity poison; parts: Flowers; Leaves; Roots; Stems; contact dermatitis

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.