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American Smoketree

Cotinus Cotinus (ko-TYE-nus)

Family: Anacardiaceae Non-native Understory (15-40 ft)

This is a genus of 7 blooming deciduous trees or shrubs in the sumac family (Anacardiaceae) native to Europe, Asia and the Southeast United States. They can grow from 4 feet to heights in excess of 20 feet. They do best in full sun in moist to dry clay soils that aren't overly fertile, as this causes excessive growth, poorer fall color and a shorter life span. Pruning back in early spring promotes better leaf production and controls the size. They are commonly grown for the large, plume-like panicles that give a smoky haze to the tips of the branches. They appear after the flowers and are long-lasting. The leaves can be green, purple or gold and display good fall color changes. Please consider using the native smoke tree for your yard (C.obovatus) Use these shrubs or trees as an accent or specimen in the pollinator garden or as a foundation plant. Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: Powdery mildew and verticillium wilt are occasional issues. VIDEO created by Andy Pulte for “Landscape Plant Identification, Taxonomy and Morphology” a plant identification course offered by the Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee.

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 60 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 2 - Understory (15-40 ft)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Fills a similar niche Cotinus coggygria Cotinus coggygria 'Royal Purple' Cotinus obovatus

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Perennial; Shrub; Tree
Life cycle
Woody
USDA zones
5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b
Light
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
Clay
Soil drainage
Good Drainage | Moist | Occasionally Dry
Available space
6-feet-12 feet; 12-24 feet
NC region
Coastal; Mountains; Piedmont
Mature size
Height: 4 ft. 0 in. - 20 ft. 0 in. | Width: 4 ft. 0 in. - 15 ft. 0 in.
Growth rate
Medium
Maintenance
Medium
Canopy layer
2 - Understory (15-40 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Erect; Multi-stemmed; Spreading
Texture
Coarse
Foliage
Deciduous
Leaf color
Gold/Yellow; Green; Purple/Lavender
Leaf type
Simple
Leaf arrangement
Alternate
Leaf shape
Obovate; Ovate
Leaf margin
Entire
Leaf feel
Smooth
Leaf value
Showy
Leaf size
1-3 inches long
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
The rounded leaves produce a beautiful fall showing in multiple colors.
Fall color
Gold/Yellow; Orange; Purple/Lavender; Red/Burgundy
Flower color
Green; White
Flower value
Showy
Flower form
Panicle
Flower size
< 1 inch
Flower detail
Feathery flower plumes are large and give a smoky appearance. Individual flowers are 1/8" with 5 greenish white petals.
Bloom time
Spring; Summer
Fruit color
Brown/Copper; Cream/Tan
Fruit type
Drupe
Fruit size
< 1 inch long, < 1 inch wide
Fruit detail
Each drupe 3/16" long flat light brown will contain a single seed.
Bark color
Black; Dark Gray
Bark detail
Gray to black bark
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Non-native
Origin
Europe, China, East Central and Southeastern U.S.A, Mexico
Wildlife value
Many pollinators are attracted to the flowers.
Attracts
Pollinators
Play value
Attractive Flowers; Buffer; Colorful; Textural
Food & Medicine
Fruit type
Drupe

Uses (ethnobotany)

The wood has been used to make yellow dye.

Landscape Use
Landscape location
Lawn; Naturalized Area; Slope/Bank
Landscape theme
Drought Tolerant Garden; Pollinator Garden
Design feature
Accent; Border; Flowering Tree; Foundation Planting; Small groups; Small Tree; Specimen
Garden tags
#deciduous shrub #small tree #interesting leaves #colorful leaves #airy #specimen #deciduous tree #clay soils tolerant #drought tolerant #deer resistant #showy leaves #dry soils tolerant #rocky soils tolerant #hardy #fall interest #showy flowers #landscape plant sleuths course #accent
Problems & Resistance
Resistant to
Deer; Drought; Dry Soil
Particularly resistant to
Deer resistant
Propagation
Layering; Seed; Stem Cutting

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.