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Cape Lily

Crinum (KRY-num)

Family: Amaryllidaceae Non-native Herbaceous (3-15 ft)

Crinum lilies are summer-flowering bulbs in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. They have an erect growth habit and reach 2 to 4 feet tall and wide. They are native to the tropics and subtropics of Asia, Australia, Africa, and the Americas and are sometimes called cemetery plants because, in past centuries, they were often used in cemeteries. Plant crinum lilies in April through late October. These bulbs are cold hardy to 25 degrees F. They thrive in sunny locations, provided the soil is moist, or in partial shade. Protect from strong wind. Newly planted crinums need to settle in for a season or two before they begin blooming freely. They do not like to be disturbed. After the first flowering season, apply a high-phosphorus fertilizer in mid-May each year. Once established they are fairly drought tolerant but may need additional moisture during particularly dry conditions while the plant is in flower. After four to five years, remove the offsets and replant to enlarge your collection or to share with a gardening friend. Division is an excellent form of propagation. Divided plants will flower more quickly than when planting from offshoot bulbs. Division should be accomplished in the winter months when the plant is not actively growing, but this task can be quite challenging as the bulbs can get quite large as the plants mature. Crinum lilies have graced Southern landscapes for years. They lend a bit of nostalgia and add a delightful tropical touch to gardens. Their foliage is lustrous and statuesque, providing a pleasing contrast to finer-textured ornamentals. Crinums have many uses in the landscape. Mass planted or in small groups their fragrant, showy blooms make a statement in borders or woodland, butterfly, and cutting gardens. They are moderately salt tolerant, which is a benefit when planted in coastal areas. Crinums grown in containers are an accent wherever you need one; move the container indoors for the winter if you live in a colder climate. Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: Crinums can be affected by red blotch fungus or crinum mosaic potyvirus. Red blotch fungus will cause red spots on the leaves, while mosaic potyvirus will cause yellow streaks. Spider mites and caterpillars are an occasional pest issue as well as the Eastern lubber grasshopper. Causes low toxicity if eaten. Additional Crinum Images at Juniper Level Botanic Garden

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 64 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 4 - Herbaceous (3-15 ft) Optimal soil pH Acid (<6.0); Alkaline (>8.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Fills a similar niche Buddleja davidii 'Attraction' Buddleja Lo & Behold® 'Lilac Chip' Lantana camara 'Miss Huff'

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Bulb; Poisonous
Life cycle
Bulb; Perennial
USDA zones
7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b
Light
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
Clay; Loam (Silt); Sand
Soil pH
Acid (<6.0); Alkaline (>8.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Soil drainage
Good Drainage | Moist
Available space
12 inches-3 feet
NC region
Coastal; Mountains; Piedmont
Mature size
Height: 2 ft. 0 in. - 4 ft. 0 in. | Width: 2 ft. 0 in. - 4 ft. 0 in.
Growth rate
Medium
Maintenance
Low
Canopy layer
4 - Herbaceous (3-15 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Erect
Texture
Coarse
Leaf color
Green
Leaf type
Simple
Leaf arrangement
Whorled
Leaf shape
Linear
Leaf margin
Entire
Leaf feel
Fleshy; Leathery
Leaf value
Showy
Leaf size
> 6 inches long, 1-3 inches wide
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
The coarse, sword-like green basal leaves form in a spiral fashion.
Flower color
Pink; White
Flower value
Fragrant; Good Cut; Long Bloom Season; Showy
Flower form
Head
Flower shape
Funnel; Trumpet
Flower size
3-6 inches
Flower detail
Lily-like flowers (to 4” wide and long), ranging in shape from bell-shaped to spider-like, bloom in clusters in summer atop leafless stalks.
Bloom time
Summer
Stem color
Green
Stem detail
The leafless stems are called scapes. They are sturdy and rigid.
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Non-native
Origin
Tropics & Subtropics of Asia, Australia, Africa and the Americas
Wildlife value
Butterflies and hummingbirds are attracted to the flowers.
Attracts
Butterflies; Hummingbirds; Moths; Pollinators
Play value
Attractive Flowers; Easy to Grow
Landscape Use
Landscape location
Coastal; Container; Houseplants; Woodland
Landscape theme
Butterfly Garden; Cutting Garden; Drought Tolerant Garden
Design feature
Accent; Border; Mass Planting; Small groups
Garden tags
#showy flowers #salt tolerant #drought tolerant #poisonous #bulb #heat tolerant #showy leaves #frost tender #clay soils tolerant #humidity tolerant #deer resistant #container plant #wet soils intolerant #hummingbird friendly #fragrant flowers #butterfly friendly #urban conditions tolerant #long lived #woodland #poor soil tolerant
Problems & Resistance
Insect problems
Twospotted Spider Mites on Landscape Plants; Caterpillars Found on Flowers and Foliage; Grasshoppers on Ornamental Plants; Banded Greenhouse Thrips
Problems
Poisonous to Humans
Resistant to
Deer; Drought; Heat; Humidity; Salt; Urban Conditions
Particularly resistant to
This plant is moderately salt tolerant, and is seldom damaged by deer.
Propagation
Division
Poison severity
Low
Poison parts
Flowers; Fruits; Leaves; Roots; Sap/Juice; Stems
Poison symptoms
Nausea, stomach pain, vomiting, and diarrhea.
Toxic principle
Alkaloids
Contact dermatitis
No
Toxicity summary
Low severity poison; parts: Flowers; Fruits; Leaves; Roots; Sap/Juice; Stems

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.