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Common Cypress

Cupressus sempervirens (ku-PRES-us sem-per-VY-renz)

Family: Cupressaceae Non-native Canopy (>40 ft)

Italian cypress is a tall evergreen tree with blue-green needles in the Cupressaceae (cypress) family. Its native habitat includes a rocky mountainous location, typically near a coastline in Europe and Asia. The commercially available forms are more columnar in shape and will typically not be seen in the wild. Its rapid growth is evident in young trees. However, more mature trees experience slower, almost nonexistent growth. The Latin word sempervirens translates into 'always green'. Becoming highly drought tolerant as the plant ages, young plants should receive adequate watering until established. To maintain its columnar habit, it should not be pruned, thus making this a low maintenance choice for your garden. If transplanting is necessary, April and September are the best months, as the roots are actively growing. Use this columnar evergreen as an accent or planted in a row for screening. It is moderately tolerant of salt and wind breakage. Its wood retains its fragrance even after cutting as well as being hard and durable. These traits make it an excellent choice for cabinets and wardrobes. The ongoing fragrance will repel moths. Cones can remain on a tree for a number of years. They often open by the heat generated by a forest fire, at which time the seeds will be dispersed and germinate in ash from the fire. Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: Infestations of mites is a common issue. Bagworms are an occasional problem. Root rot can occur in poor drainage locations. Honey fungus and canker affect many trees. VIDEO created by Ryan Contreras for “Landscape Plant Materials I: Deciduous Hardwoods and Conifers or Landscape Plant Materials II: Spring Flowering Trees and Shrubs” a plant identification course offered by the Department of Horticulture at Oregon State University

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 56 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 1 - Canopy (>40 ft) Optimal soil pH Acid (<6.0); Alkaline (>8.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Tree
Life cycle
Woody
USDA zones
7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b
Light
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Soil texture
Loam (Silt); Sand
Soil pH
Acid (<6.0); Alkaline (>8.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Soil drainage
Good Drainage | Moist | Occasionally Dry
Available space
6-feet-12 feet
NC region
Coastal; Piedmont
Mature size
Height: 40 ft. 0 in. - 70 ft. 0 in. | Width: 3 ft. 0 in. - 6 ft. 0 in.
Growth rate
Medium
Maintenance
Low
Canopy layer
1 - Canopy (>40 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Columnar; Dense; Erect; Pyramidal
Texture
Medium
Foliage
Needled Evergreen
Leaf color
Blue; Green
Leaf type
Simple
Leaf arrangement
Whorled
Leaf shape
Ovate
Leaf margin
Entire
Leaf value
Fragrant
Leaf size
1-3 inches long
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
The scale-like leaves are a dark blue-green, with a delightful fragrance when crushed.
Flower color
Green
Flower detail
No flowers, pollen cones appear in the early spring.
Bloom time
Spring
Fruit color
Brown/Copper
Fruit size
< 1 inch long, < 1 inch wide
Fruit detail
Seed cones are dry, hard, glossy, rounded, and persistent. Open through heat.
Bark color
Dark Brown; Dark Gray; Light Gray
Bark detail
The bark, is thin and smooth. As the bark ages, it turns from gray to gray-brown.
Stem detail
The stems are very upright and are slender columns when young becoming horizontal with aging.
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Non-native
Origin
East Mediterranean to Iran
Play value
Buffer; Easy to Grow; Fragrance; Pieces Used in Games; Screening
Food & Medicine
Harvest time
Fall

Uses (ethnobotany)

Essential oils are distilled from its shoots. These oils are used for making soaps and perfume. The wood can be used for furniture and cabinets.

Landscape Use
Landscape location
Recreational Play Area; Vertical Spaces
Landscape theme
Children's Garden; Drought Tolerant Garden; Winter Garden
Design feature
Barrier; Border; Flowering Tree; Mass Planting; Screen/Privacy; Specimen
Garden tags
#salt tolerant #evergreen #children's garden #buffer #playground plant #conifer #dry soils tolerant #drought tolerant #winter garden #needled evergreen #needles #winter interest #heat tolerant #columnar #evergreen tree #humidity tolerant #wind pollinated #sandy soils tolerant #shade intolerant #fragrant stems #furniture wood #narrow form #landscape plant sleuths course #long lived #fragrant needles #screen #HS304
Problems & Resistance
Insect problems
Bagworms in Ornamental Landscapes
Resistant to
Drought; Dry Soil; Heat; Humidity; Salt; Wind
Propagation
Seed; Stem Cutting

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.