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Fire Lily

Cyrtanthus (ser-TAN-thus)

Family: Amaryllidaceae Non-native

First described in 1789 by botanist William Alton, Cyrtanthus is a large genus in the Amaryllidaceae family with 55 named varieties that flourish in a wide range of forms and colors. These South African native perennial bulbs grow in tropical and temperate zones, with their habitats ranging from along streams to dry desert locations. They can even be found growing as epiphytes on other plants. Within the family, there are summer growing and winter growing varieties with heights from a 4" to a spectacular 30". Its leafless stem, up to 30", emerges from a partially to fully exposed bulb. The large bulb, covered with a papery, outer tunic is rounded or somewhat egg-shaped. Individual bulbs can produce one to several stems, with each stem boasting one to several flowers. Variety specific, the white, yellow, orange, red, and pink flowers can be scented or unscented and stand erect or hang in a pendent form. Reproduction is typically accomplished by offsets and bulblets. The bulblets detach from the bulb to become independent plants while others reproduce by bulbils at the tips of the stolons. The bulbils can fall to the ground or can be removed by hand. After flowering, the leaves will emerge. Depending on the variety, they can be succulent and narrow to leathery and wide. A single plant can produce a solitary leaf to up to 16 leaves. In the North, allow full AM sun, while in the South, allow 25% shade. When planting, cover the bulb to a depth of 1 in. (2.5 cm). Plant one bulb per 5-in. pot. Injured below 25 degrees F (2 degrees C). Use in a container or plant along walkways or the border front. Insects, Diseases and other plant problems: Mealybugs, amaryllis caterpillars, thrips, spider mites, and fungal issues like damping-off and root rot.

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 53 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Optimal soil pH Acid (<6.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Bulb
Life cycle
Bulb
USDA zones
10a, 10b
Light
Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
High Organic Matter
Soil pH
Acid (<6.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Soil drainage
Good Drainage
Available space
Less than 12 inches
Growth rate
Rapid
Maintenance
Low
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Cascading; Clumping; Columnar; Erect
Texture
Medium
Foliage
Deciduous; Semi-evergreen
Leaf color
Green
Leaf type
Simple
Leaf arrangement
Opposite
Leaf shape
Lanceolate; Linear
Leaf margin
Entire
Leaf feel
Leathery; Papery
Leaf value
Showy
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
Strap-shaped leaves appear after flowering. Varieties can range from plants having one leaf to 16 leaves. Some take on an arching form while another forms a spiral. The leaf width ranges from under an inch to 2.5".
Flower color
Gold/Yellow; Orange; Pink; Red/Burgundy; White
Flower value
Showy
Flower form
Umbel
Flower shape
Funnel; Trumpet
Flower detail
Flowers vary greatly by variety. They can be large, open in form to pendulous.
Bloom time
Fall; Summer
Fruit type
Capsule
Fruit size
< 1 inch long, < 1 inch wide
Fruit detail
When the oblong fruits ripen, they will split along 3 longitudinal lines, releasing flat, black, oval seeds. The wings on the seeds allow them to be wind dispersed.
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Non-native
Origin
Sudan to South Africa
Wildlife value
Host plant for the Table Mountain Beauty butterfly.
Attracts
Butterflies
Play value
Attractive Flowers; Attracts Pollinators; Buffer; Easy to Grow; Fragrance; Wildlife Larval Host
Food & Medicine
Fruit type
Capsule

Uses (ethnobotany)

Houseplant

Landscape Use
Landscape location
Container; Hanging Baskets; Houseplants; Patio; Small Space; Walkways
Landscape theme
Butterfly Garden; Cutting Garden; Pollinator Garden; Rock Garden
Design feature
Border; Mass Planting; Small groups
Garden tags
#non-toxic for cats #non-toxic for horses #non-toxic for dogs #bulb #tropical herbaceous perennial #frost tender #tropical
Problems & Resistance
Insect problems
Narcissus Bulb Fly
Propagation
Division

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.