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Burning Bush

Dictamnus albus (dik-TAM-nus AL-bus)

Family: Rutaceae Non-native Herbaceous (3-15 ft)

Dittany is an upright bushy herbaceous perennial that is slow to establish, but once established, is very long lived. At maturity, it can reach 3 feet high and 2 feet wide with an upright, clumping form and fragrant glossy green leaves. Showy spikes of spidery-looking white flowers appear in early summer. In hot weather old flowers or seed pods emit a flammable oil and a match held below the spike on a still night will ignite a burst of vapor leading to the common name, Gas Plant. Dittany does not transplant well, and once established should not be divided in the garden. You can start new plants from seed sown outdoors in the fall, but these seeds must go through the winter for cold stratification before they take root and grow. Note that they can take 2 to 4 years before they will bloom. The genus name comes from the Greek and is probably named after Mount Dikte. The species name means white. Dittany prefers moist, well-drained, humusy and slightly alkaline soils in full sun, but will tolerate some drought once established. It does best in climates with cooler summer nights and can tolerate poor soil and light shade. In its native European habitat, it can be found on woodland margins and rocky soil. Flowers and foliage can cause skin rash in some individuals. Diseases, Insect Pests, and Other Plant Problems: No known diseases or insect pests.

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 64 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 4 - Herbaceous (3-15 ft) Optimal soil pH Alkaline (>8.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Herbaceous Perennial; Perennial
Life cycle
Perennial; Woody
USDA zones
3a, 3b, 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b
Light
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
Loam (Silt); Sand; Shallow Rocky
Soil pH
Alkaline (>8.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Soil drainage
Good Drainage | Moist
NC region
Mountains; Piedmont
Mature size
Height: 2 ft. 0 in. - 3 ft. 0 in. | Width: 1 ft. 6 in. - 2 ft. 0 in.
Growth rate
Slow
Maintenance
Low
Canopy layer
4 - Herbaceous (3-15 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Clumping; Erect; Mounding; Rounded
Texture
Medium
Foliage
Deciduous
Leaf color
Green
Leaf type
Compound (Pinnately , Bipinnately, Palmately)
Leaf arrangement
Opposite
Leaf shape
Ovate
Leaf margin
Entire
Leaf feel
Glossy
Leaf value
Fragrant
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
Glossy light-green leaves with a lemony fragrance when crushed remain attractive throughout the growing season.
Flower color
Blue; Pink; Purple/Lavender; White
Flower value
Fragrant; Showy
Flower form
Raceme
Flower shape
Star
Flower size
1-3 inches
Flower detail
Produces 1 inch fragrant, 5-petaled, white, lavender or pink terminal raceme flowers with long projecting stamens in late spring to early summer.
Bloom time
Spring; Summer
Fruit type
Capsule
Fruit value
Showy
Fruit size
< 1 inch long, < 1 inch wide
Fruit detail
Star-shaped seed heads can be left on the plant after flowering to provide some ornamental interest.
Stem detail
Rigid stems do not typically need any support. Typically grow to 2 to 4 feet tall.
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Non-native
Origin
Southern and Central Europe and Central Asia.
Distribution
Europe to South Western Siberia and Western Himalaya. Has been introduced into Vermont, New York, and Michigan.
Wildlife value
Attracts butterflies.
Attracts
Butterflies; Pollinators
Food & Medicine
Edible parts
Leaves
Harvest time
Fall
Fruit type
Capsule

Edibility

Leaves can cause stomach upset if eaten in large quantities.

Landscape Use
Landscape location
Woodland
Landscape theme
Cottage Garden; Rock Garden
Design feature
Border; Small groups
Garden tags
#hardy #deciduous #fragrant leaves #pink flowers #fragrant flowers #deer resistant #pollinator plant #slow growing #butterfly friendly #summer flowers #full sun tolerant #contact dermatitis #white flowers #bushy #perennial
Problems & Resistance
Resistant to
Deer; Drought
Propagation
Seed
Poison severity
Low
Poison parts
Flowers; Leaves
Poison symptoms
Can produce a rash in some people. Leaves can be poisonous if ingested in large dosage.
Toxic principle
an oil in the leaves
Contact dermatitis
Yes
Toxicity summary
Low severity poison; parts: Flowers; Leaves; contact dermatitis

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.