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Eastern Wild Rye

Elymus virginicus (EL-ih-mus vir-JIN-ih-kus)

Family: Poaceae Native Herbaceous (3-15 ft)

Eastern Wild-rye is a native perennial cool-season ornamental grass found in bottomland forests, upland prairies, glades, marshes, stream banks, pastures, fields, roadsides, and disturbed areas in Canada and the U.S.A. It is considered a NC Special Concern species. The plant grows in clumps up to 1 foot tall. The flower spikes rise up to 4 feet tall with bristly wheat-like inflorescences that sway in the breeze. They are followed by seed heads that mature to tan and continue to add interest to the plant into fall. It will freely self-seed. Eastern Wildrye is easy to grow in moist, fertile, well-drained loams in full sun to part shade. and tolerates a wide range of soil types. The root system makes it very good for erosion control. Use this plant in naturalized areas, slopes or stream banks. This plant provides shelter to small mammals and insects and is deer resistant.

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 39 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 4 - Herbaceous (3-15 ft)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Native Plant; Ornamental Grasses and Sedges
Life cycle
Perennial
Light
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
Clay; High Organic Matter; Loam (Silt); Sand
Soil drainage
Good Drainage | Moist
NC region
Coastal; Mountains; Piedmont
Mature size
Height: 2 ft. 0 in. - 5 ft. 0 in. | Width: 1 ft. 0 in. - 2 ft. 0 in.
Canopy layer
4 - Herbaceous (3-15 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Erect; Spreading
Leaf color
Green
Leaf type
Simple
Leaf arrangement
Alternate
Leaf shape
Linear
Leaf size
> 6 inches long, < 1 inch wide
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
Flat linear pointed leaves. Infertile leaves in tufts up to 1 foot long. Alternate leaves on the stems in spring and summer
Flower form
Raceme; Spike
Flower detail
Wheat-like inflorescence that bloom June-October.
Bloom time
Fall; Summer
Fruit detail
Fruits are available July-November.
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Native
Origin
Canada, U.S.A.
Wildlife value
Provides shelter to small mammals and insects. Deer resistant.
Attracts
Small Mammals; Songbirds
Food & Medicine
Harvest time
Fall; Summer
Landscape Use
Landscape location
Pond; Riparian; Slope/Bank
Landscape theme
Native Garden; Rain Garden; Water Garden
Garden tags
#NC native #native ornamental grass #swamps #wet soils tolerant #Piedmont Mountains FACW #food source herbage #food source hard mast fruit #mammals #Coastal FAC #bird friendly #Audubon #larval host plant #pollinator plant #rain garden
Problems & Resistance
Problems
Weedy
Resistant to
Deer; Wet Soil
Propagation
Division; Seed

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.