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Dwarf Horsetail

Equisetum scirpoides (ek-wis-SEE-tum skir-POI-deez)

Family: Equisetaceae Unknown Herbaceous (1-3 ft)

Dwarf horsetail is an herbaceous, evergreen, non-flowering perennial in the Equisetaceae (horsetail) family. It is native to the subarctic and temperate northern hemisphere including northern U.S., Alaska, Canada, Finland, Greenland, Norway, Russia, China and Mongolia. It has also been introduced into Belgium and Great Britain. It forms clumps of slender, wiry, unbranched stalks up to 1 foot tall. The upright stems have a curly or zig-zag habit, with segmented joints where a sheath of very small, dark, scale-like leaves is arranged in a ring around each joint. It forms both fertile and infertile shoots. This plant reproduces by means of a spore-bearing cone that forms a sharp point at the tip of fertile stems. Spores are released in early to mid-summer or in the spring after over-wintering. Plants also spread by means of rhizomes. It is found in sun or shade in moist habitats with sandy soil such as wetlands, ditches, swamps, ponds, shorelines and other shallow waters. The genus name is from Latin equus (horse) and seta (bristle). The species name is from Latin scirpus (rush). Native Americans have used this plant as a food source and as a scouring material, due to its rough texture. It also provides a beneficial habitat for small wildlife and grizzly bears forage on it. Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: No significant problems.

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 47 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 4 - Herbaceous (1-3 ft)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Herbaceous Perennial; Water Plant
Life cycle
Perennial
USDA zones
4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b
Light
Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day) | Deep shade (Less than 2 hours to no direct sunlight) | Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
Clay; Loam (Silt); Sand
Soil drainage
Frequent Standing Water | Moist | Occasional Flooding | Occasionally Wet
Available space
12 inches-3 feet; 3 feet-6 feet
NC region
Coastal; Mountains; Piedmont
Mature size
Height: 0 ft. 6 in. - 1 ft. 0 in. | Width: 1 ft. 0 in. - 4 ft. 0 in.
Growth rate
Medium
Maintenance
Low
Canopy layer
4 - Herbaceous (1-3 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Erect
Texture
Coarse
Leaf color
Black
Leaf arrangement
Whorled
Leaf size
< 1 inch long, < 1 inch wide
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
Leaves are reduced to black scale-like structures at the joints of the stems
Flower detail
No flowers
Fruit size
< 1 inch long
Fruit detail
No fruits. Reproduces by spores that are housed in small cone-like structures on top of fertile stems
Stem color
Green
Stem detail
Green jointed stems with ridges
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Unknown
Origin
Northern hemisphere
Distribution
Northern U.S., Canada, Finland, Greenland, Norway, Russia, China, Mongolia
Wildlife value
Provides habitat for wildlife and food for aquatic animals
Attracts
Reptiles; Small Mammals
Play value
Textural; Wildlife Cover/Habitat; Wildlife Food Source
Food & Medicine

Uses (ethnobotany)

Food

Landscape Use
Landscape location
Coastal; Container; Naturalized Area; Pond; Riparian; Slope/Bank
Landscape theme
Rain Garden; Water Garden; Winter Garden
Design feature
Small groups
Garden tags
#flower arrangement #wet soils tolerant #shade garden #boggy sites #mass planting #evergreen #stream banks #container plant #pond #wetland #partial shade tolerant
Problems & Resistance
Resistant to
Wet Soil
Propagation
Division

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.