Students for Stewardship The Cork Board
← Back to the library

Compact Winged Euonymus

Euonymus alatus (Euonymus alatus 'Compactus')

Family: Celastraceae Non-native Shrub (3-15 ft)

'Compactus' is a dwarf cultivar of winged burning in the Celastraceae family. It is a deciduous shrub that, as its name implies, is a relatively more compact version. Unlike Burning Bush, which can reach heights of 20 feet, the 'Compactus' cultivar is a more manageable 10 feet tall. Note that there is an even more compact cultivar is E. alatus 'Rudy Haag’ that is limited to a height of 3 to 5 feet. All versions of the burning bush can be kept shorter by pruning and can easily be transplanted. Be aware the parent plant has become invasive in some areas of the east and midwest. 'Compactus' is easy to grow in average, medium moisture, well-drained soil in full sun to part shade. It will tolerate shade and drought, but the less sun available to the plant, the less dramatic fall color will be. The plant does not do well in wet, poorly-drained sites, but it does prefer consistent moisture. It tolerates a variety of soils. Like its larger species, the 'Compactus' cultivar's densely packed leaves offer bright red color in the fall, a rounded form, and small, inconspicuous flowers that bloom in late spring. These flowers develop into reddish-purple, 3/8 inch oval berries in the fall. Because ingesting large quantities of this plant are poisonous, no part of this plant, including the fruits, should be eaten, especially by children. Also, this shrub can be aggressive an invasive if planted in less well tended native or similar gardens where it can spread into surrounding roadside or woodland areas. This is more likely in western North Carolina. Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: Twig blight can occur in wet soil conditions and spider mites can be a problem. The Clemson Cooperative Extension Home & Garden Information Center has a factsheet on common pests and diseases. More information on Euonymus alatus .

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 76 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 3 - Shrub (3-15 ft) Optimal soil pH Acid (<6.0); Alkaline (>8.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Fills a similar niche Ampelopsis glandulosa var. brevipedunculata Quercus nigra Toxicodendron radicans
Native alternatives Euonymus americanus Itea virginica Vaccinium corymbosum

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Poisonous; Shrub
Life cycle
Woody
USDA zones
4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b
Light
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
Clay; High Organic Matter; Loam (Silt); Sand
Soil pH
Acid (<6.0); Alkaline (>8.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Soil drainage
Good Drainage | Moist | Occasionally Dry
Available space
6-feet-12 feet
NC region
Coastal; Mountains; Piedmont
Mature size
Height: 8 ft. 0 in. - 11 ft. 0 in. | Width: 8 ft. 0 in. - 14 ft. 0 in.
Growth rate
Rapid
Maintenance
High
Canopy layer
3 - Shrub (3-15 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Dense; Multi-stemmed; Rounded; Spreading
Texture
Medium
Foliage
Deciduous
Leaf color
Green; Red/Burgundy
Leaf type
Simple
Leaf arrangement
Opposite
Leaf shape
Elliptical; Obovate
Leaf margin
Crenulate; Serrate
Leaf value
Showy
Leaf size
1-3 inches long, < 1 inch wide
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
Elliptic to obovate, crenulate to serrulate, opposite to sub-opposite, simple leaves that are 1 to 3 inches long and 1/2 to 1 inch wide, and medium to dark green. They can be finely serrated. Leaves provide excellent red fall color.
Fall color
Red/Burgundy
Flower color
Gold/Yellow; Green; Red/Burgundy
Flower form
Cyme; Insignificant
Flower size
< 1 inch
Flower detail
This plant has non-showy, small 4-petaled greenish-maroon flowers. A 3-flowered cyme, axillary. Inconspicuous, small, 3/8 inch, 4 petals, yellow-green.
Bloom time
Spring
Fruit color
Cream/Tan; Gold/Yellow; Orange; Pink; Red/Burgundy
Fruit type
Capsule
Fruit value
Showy
Fruit size
< 1 inch long, < 1 inch wide
Fruit detail
1/3 inch capsules split open when ripe to reveal tiny seeds (each encased in a fleshy orange-red aril).
Bark color
Dark Brown; Dark Gray
Bark detail
The bark of large old stems is gray or brownish gray and slightly furrowed.
Stem color
Brown/Copper
Stem detail
Stems have corky ridges (or wings, as used in the common name) that are more noticeable in winter after leaf drop.
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Non-native
Origin
Eastern Russia, Japan, China, Korea
Distribution
Throughout the eastern and central United States.
Wildlife value
Fruit attracts birds who eat the seeds and distribute them. The fall berries are eaten by birds, and the seeds are easily spread by birds. It is attractive to deer. This plant is frequently damaged by deer. Host plant to many types of beetle.
Attracts
Bees; Songbirds
Food & Medicine
Harvest time
Fall
Fruit type
Capsule

Edibility

Can be toxic if ingested.

Landscape Use
Landscape theme
Asian Garden
Design feature
Accent; Border; Foundation Planting
Garden tags
#deciduous #poisonous #shrub #bird friendly #full sun tolerant #partial shade tolerant #pruning tolerant #fall interest #fast growing #wet soils intolerant #problem for children #high maintenance #acidic soils tolerant #fall color #HS111 #HS303 #weedy
Problems & Resistance
Insect problems
Twospotted Spider Mites on Landscape Plants
Problems
Poisonous to Humans; Problem for Children; Weedy
Resistant to
Black Walnut; Compaction; Drought; Erosion
Particularly resistant to
range of soil types; drought tolerant
Propagation
Stem Cutting
Poison severity
Low
Poison parts
Fruits; Leaves; Sap/Juice; Seeds; Stems
Poison symptoms
Poisonous through ingestion. Symptoms: abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, convulsions, weakness, chills, coma. TOXIC ONLY IF LARGE QUANTITIES EATEN. Ingesting large amounts of any part of the plant can result in poisoning. CHILDREN may be attracted to fruits in fall. No part of this plant is edible, including seeds.
Toxic principle
Unidentified, possibly a glycoside
Contact dermatitis
No
Toxicity summary
Low severity poison; parts: Fruits; Leaves; Sap/Juice; Seeds; Stems

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.