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Gardenia

Gardenia (gar-DEE-nee-ah)

Family: Rubiaceae Non-native Understory

Gardenias are a genus of over 200 species that are evergreen flowering shrubs in the coffee family. They are native to Africa, Asia, Australia and some Pacific Islands. They can be shrubs or small trees and grow from 3 to 49 feet tall. The leaves are usually shiny and leathery and occur in whorls or opposite on the stem. The showy fragrant flowers can occur singly or in clusters and are usually white or yellow. The plants generally prefer fertile, moist, acidic soil, bright indirect light and humid conditions. They can be challenging to grow outside of their native conditions. There are many types and cultivars available with various sizes and colors of flowers. Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: Insect problems can be white flies, aphids, scales, thrips, mealy bugs, spider mites, and caterpillars. Disease issues include root-knot nematode, powdery mildew, root rots, sooty mold. Chlorosis can occur in alkaline soils. The Clemson Cooperative Extension Home and Garden Information Center has a factsheet on common gardenia diseases and other problems.

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 45 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 2 - Understory Optimal soil pH Acid (<6.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Fills a similar niche Camellia Camellia sasanqua Gardenia jasminoides 'Kleim' s Hardy'
Similar, less problematic Rhododendron

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Perennial; Shrub; Tree
Life cycle
Perennial; Woody
USDA zones
7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b, 11a, 11b
Light
Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
High Organic Matter
Soil pH
Acid (<6.0)
Soil drainage
Good Drainage | Moist
NC region
Coastal; Piedmont
Growth rate
Medium
Maintenance
High
Canopy layer
2 - Understory
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Erect; Multi-stemmed
Texture
Medium
Foliage
Broadleaf Evergreen
Leaf color
Green
Leaf type
Simple
Leaf arrangement
Opposite; Whorled
Leaf margin
Entire
Leaf feel
Glossy; Leathery
Leaf value
Showy
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
Glossy, leathery leaves vary in size depending on the variety
Flower color
Gold/Yellow; White
Flower value
Fragrant; Showy
Flower shape
Tubular
Flower size
1-3 inches
Flower detail
Showy fragrant flowers in various sizes and colors. Often white or yellow and appear singly or in clusters
Bloom time
Fall; Summer
Fruit detail
berrylike fruits contain a sticky orange pulp
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Non-native
Origin
Asia, Africa, Pacific islands
Landscape Use
Landscape location
Coastal; Container
Landscape theme
Asian Garden; Garden for the Blind; Shade Garden
Design feature
Accent; Flowering Tree; Foundation Planting
Garden tags
#foundation planting #evergreen shrub #frequent disease problems #showy flowers #frequent insect problems #specimen #small tree #flowering shrub #fragrant flowers #high maintenance #container plant #partial shade tolerant
Problems & Resistance
Insect problems
Pests of Gardenia; Aphids on Ornamental Landscape Plants; Citrus Whitefly; Whiteflies Found on Flowers and Foliage; Thrips Found on Flowers and Foliage; Barnacle Scale; Banded Greenhouse Thrips
Problems
Frequent Disease Problems; Frequent Insect Problems
Propagation
Seed; Stem Cutting

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.