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Cranesbill

Geranium manculatum (jer-AY-nee-um mak-yuh-LAH-tum)

Family: Geraniaceae Native Herbaceous (1-3 ft)

Wild geranium is a woodland perennial flower in the Geraniaceae family native to eastern North America that will naturalize in optimal growing conditions. This plant is found naturally in base-rich, mesic forests. The preference is for light shade to partial sunlight, moist to slightly dry conditions, and rich loamy soil with abundant organic matter. This plant also tolerates full sunlight if given sufficient moisture. It is easy to grow and is one of the showiest of the native Cranesbills. During the hottest part of summer, the foliage may decline and yellow. Shear back to reshape. It may grow 1 to 2 feet tall with fibrous roots and a shallow taproot. The attractive, deeply lobed leaves are topped by saucer-shaped pink to lilac flowers in mid to late spring. There are cultivars of this plant with white flowers and dark leaves. Use in mass as a ground cover, in woodland settings or native and pollinator gardens Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: No serious insect or disease problems but watch for snails and slugs. Rust and leaf spot may occur.

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 66 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 4 - Herbaceous (1-3 ft) Optimal soil pH Acid (<6.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Fills a similar niche Liriodendron tulipifera Tilia americana Vaccinium corymbosum

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Ground Cover; Herbaceous Perennial; Native Plant; Wildflower
Life cycle
Annual; Perennial
USDA zones
3a, 3b, 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b, 11a, 11b
Light
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
Clay; High Organic Matter; Loam (Silt); Sand
Soil pH
Acid (<6.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Soil drainage
Good Drainage | Moist | Occasionally Wet
Available space
Less than 12 inches
NC region
Coastal; Mountains; Piedmont
Mature size
Height: 1 ft. 2 in. - 1 ft. 6 in. | Width: 1 ft. 0 in. - 1 ft. 6 in.
Growth rate
Rapid
Maintenance
Low; Medium
Canopy layer
4 - Herbaceous (1-3 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Mounding; Spreading
Texture
Coarse
Foliage
Deciduous
Leaf color
Green
Leaf type
Compound (Pinnately , Bipinnately, Palmately); Simple
Leaf arrangement
Opposite
Leaf shape
Palmatifid
Leaf margin
Lobed; Serrate
Leaf value
Showy
Leaf size
3-6 inches long, 3-6 inches wide
Hairs present
Yes
Leaf detail
A loose cluster of green basal leaves and a pair of opposite stem leaves near the base are 3-6 inches long and wide and are deeply cut with 5 lobes. The upper stem leaves have 3 lobes and are smaller. The margins have coarse teeth. The upper surface of the leaf has fine hairs while the lower surface has coarse hairs.
Flower color
Blue; Pink; Purple/Lavender; Red/Burgundy; White
Flower value
Edible; Showy
Flower form
Corymb; Cyme; Umbel
Flower shape
Saucer; Star
Flower size
1-3 inches
Flower detail
2-5 flowers in umbrels or corymbs are 1 1/4 inches wide and are pink to lilac in color with fine veins radiating across the petals that function as nectar guides. They are upward-facing, saucer-shaped blooms from April to June.
Bloom time
Spring; Summer
Fruit type
Capsule
Fruit detail
Beaked seed capsules give rise to the common name of crane's bill. Fruit is available May-July.
Stem color
Green; Red/Burgundy
Stem detail
Round green or reddish stems with hair
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Native
Origin
SE. Canada to Central & Eastern U.S.A
Distribution
USA: AL , AR , CT , DC , DE , GA , IA , IL , IN , KS , KY , LA , MA , MD , ME , MI , MN , MO , MS , NC , ND , NH , NJ , NY , OH , OK , PA , RI , SC , SD , TN , VA , VT , WI , WV Canada: MB , NL , NS , ON , QC
Wildlife value
Nectar from flowers attracts butterflies, bees and other pollinators. Songbirds eat the seeds. Members of the genus Geranium support the following specialized bee: Andrena (Ptilandrena) distans. Tolerates damage by deer and rabbits.
Attracts
Butterflies; Pollinators; Small Mammals; Songbirds; Specialized Bees
Play value
Attractive Flowers; Attracts Pollinators; Edible fruit; Wildlife Food Source
Food & Medicine
Edible parts
Fruit
Harvest time
Spring; Summer
Fruit type
Capsule

Edibility

Teas can be made from the plant

Uses (ethnobotany)

Medicinally used by Native Americans to treat diarrhea and open sores or wounds.

Landscape Use
Landscape location
Meadow; Naturalized Area; Woodland
Landscape theme
Butterfly Garden; Children's Garden; Native Garden; Pollinator Garden
Design feature
Mass Planting
Garden tags
#specialized bees #fall interest #nectar plant #fire low flammability #rabbit resistant #children's garden #edible garden #pollinator plant #native wildflower #NC native #food source summer #bird friendly #dry soils tolerant #butterfly friendly #small mammals #Piedmont Mountains FACU #food source herbage #food source hard mast fruit #food source nectar #mammals #food source pollen #Coastal FACU #Audubon #nectar plant early summer #nectar plant late spring #nectar plant mid-spring #bee friendly #playground plant #wildlife friendly #woodland #herbaceous perennial #deer resistant #HS304 #hortcontest #moth friendly
Problems & Resistance
Disease problems
Southern Bacterial Wilt on Herbaceous Ornamental Plants
Resistant to
Deer; Dry Soil; Fire; Rabbits
Particularly resistant to
Deer and rabbit resistant
Propagation
Division; Seed
Fire risk
low flammability

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.