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Croatian Hellebore

Helleborus croaticus (hel-eh-BORE-us kro-ah-TIH-kus)

Family: Ranunculaceae Unknown Herbaceous (1-3 ft)

Croatian Hellebore is a bushy, clumping, evergreen, flowering perennial recently found in Croatia and is in the buttercup family. At maturity, it reaches 1 foot tall and blooms in winter to early spring with small cup-shaped flowers that are purple on the outside and green with purple veins inside. Blossoms usually appear on the tips of the plant's branched stems and the leaves are evergreen and dark green, glossy, leathery, deeply-lobed, and often toothed. The genus name comes from the Greek words bora meaning "food" and helein meaning "injures/destroys" in reference to the plant’s toxic leaves, stems and roots which are poisonous to humans if ingested. The species name reflects the plant's Croation origin. Plant in average moist well-drained soil in an area where the plant can get some sun in winter and shade in the heat of the summer. Under deciduous trees work very well for this requirement. Plant where the plant's early blooms can be enjoyed when little else is blooming. The foliage is evergreen, but it may become scorched and tattered in extremely harsh winters. Cut back flowering stems after bloom to promote new foliage growth. Established plants can become congested, but can be divided in late summer to early fall. Deer and rabbits tend to avoid this plant. These plants can be grown in mass plantings in shady locations or where the clumps will slowly spread through self-seeding. Diseases, Insect Pests, and Other Plant Problems: No serious insect or disease problems. Crown rot and leaf spot are occasional problems. Leaves, stems and roots are poisonous. More information on Helleborus .

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 57 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 4 - Herbaceous (1-3 ft) Optimal soil pH Alkaline (>8.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Fills a similar niche Helleborus foetidus Helleborus orientalis Helleborus x hybridus

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Herbaceous Perennial; Perennial
Life cycle
Perennial
USDA zones
6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b
Light
Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
Clay; High Organic Matter; Loam (Silt); Sand
Soil pH
Alkaline (>8.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Soil drainage
Good Drainage | Moist
Available space
12 inches-3 feet
NC region
Coastal; Mountains; Piedmont
Mature size
Height: 0 ft. 6 in. - 1 ft. 0 in. | Width: 0 ft. 6 in. - 1 ft. 0 in.
Maintenance
Low
Canopy layer
4 - Herbaceous (1-3 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Clumping; Multi-stemmed
Texture
Medium
Foliage
Broadleaf Evergreen
Leaf color
Green
Leaf shape
Elliptical; Lanceolate
Leaf margin
Dentate
Leaf feel
Glossy; Leathery
Leaf value
Long-lasting
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
Evergreen dark green leaves divided into deeply-lobed, often toothed, lanceolate to elliptic segments.
Flower color
Green; Purple/Lavender
Flower value
Showy
Flower form
Head; Solitary
Flower shape
Cup
Flower size
< 1 inch
Flower detail
Pendant cup-shaped flowers that are purple on the outside and green with purple veining inside. Blooms February to March or April.
Bloom time
Spring; Winter
Stem detail
Flowers appear on the tips of branched stems clad with evergreen dark green leaves.
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Unknown
Origin
Croatia
Distribution
Albania, Yugoslavia
Play value
Attractive Flowers
Food & Medicine

Edibility

Toxic if ingested.

Landscape Use
Landscape location
Naturalized Area; Woodland
Landscape theme
Shade Garden; Winter Garden
Design feature
Border; Mass Planting; Small groups; Specimen
Garden tags
#HS302 #moist soil #green flowers #winter flowers #broadleaf evergreen #spring flowers #purple flowers #winter interest #evergreen #shade garden #deer resistant #partial shade tolerant #well-drained soil #low maintenance #poisonous if ingested #perennial #rabbit resistant
Problems & Resistance
Problems
Poisonous to Humans
Resistant to
Deer; Rabbits
Particularly resistant to
Deer and rabbit resistant
Propagation
Division; Seed
Poison severity
Medium
Poison parts
Leaves; Sap/Juice
Poison symptoms
Can cause illness if ingested. Both living and dried plants of all species of Helleborus are extremely poisonous. Plants contain a cardiac glycoside (helleborin), which acts directly on the heart muscle, causing convulsions, delirium.
Toxic principle
glycoside and saponin
Contact dermatitis
No
Toxicity summary
Medium severity poison; parts: Leaves; Sap/Juice

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.