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Glade Fern

Homalosorus pycnocarpos (ho-ma-loh-SOR-us PIK-no-kar-pus)

Family: Aspleniaceae Native Herbaceous (3-15 ft)

The glade fern is a large deciduous plant in the spleenwort family (Aspleniaceae). It is native to eastern Canada and the eastern half of the U.S.A., where it grows in rich, mesic deciduous forests, around seeps, along streams and at the base of sloped terrain. The species epithet means “dense fruit” and likely references the dense arrangement of sori along the veins of the fertile fronds. The glade fern likes dappled shade to deep shade. It grows well in high organic soil with good drainage. It is tolerant of alkaline, neutral and acidic pH soil. It spreads by creeping rhizomes and prefers continuous moisture. The fronds will turn brown in low moisture conditions. Large colonies can form over time. This is an elegant fern with attractive shiny leaves. The arching fronds can grow up to 2.5 feet long and have 20 to 40 pairs of pinnae which are alternately arranged. It can be identified by its tall, narrow, bright green fronds, which are only once-pinnate. Fertile fronds have narrower pinnae than sterile frond. The clusters of sori on the undersides of the fertile fronds are arranged in a distinctive herringbone pattern. Sterile fronds appear first in the springtime; fertile fronds will appear as the growing season progresses. The glade fern can grow in native, shade or water gardens. It can be grown as a specimen, in small groups or in mass plantings. Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: No serious issues, however, tender fronds can be damaged by slugs and snails. The foliage can turn brown if the soil is allowed to remain dry for extended periods. VIDEO Created by NC State Extension's Homegrown series featuring Mark Weathington , Director of JC Raulston Arboretum .

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 49 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 4 - Herbaceous (3-15 ft) Optimal soil pH Acid (<6.0); Alkaline (>8.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Fern; Native Plant
Life cycle
Perennial
USDA zones
3a, 3b, 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b
Light
Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day) | Deep shade (Less than 2 hours to no direct sunlight)
Soil texture
High Organic Matter
Soil pH
Acid (<6.0); Alkaline (>8.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Soil drainage
Good Drainage | Moist | Occasionally Dry
Available space
12 inches-3 feet
NC region
Coastal; Mountains; Piedmont
Mature size
Height: 2 ft. 0 in. - 3 ft. 0 in. | Width: 2 ft. 0 in. - 3 ft. 0 in.
Growth rate
Medium
Maintenance
Low
Canopy layer
4 - Herbaceous (3-15 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Arching; Ascending; Clumping; Erect
Texture
Medium
Foliage
Deciduous
Leaf color
Green
Leaf type
Compound (Pinnately , Bipinnately, Palmately); Fronds
Leaf arrangement
Alternate
Leaf shape
Elliptical; Lanceolate; Oblong
Leaf margin
Entire; Undulate
Leaf feel
Glossy
Leaf value
Long-lasting; Showy
Leaf size
> 6 inches long, > 6 inches wide
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
The fronds are compound leaves and grow 1.5 to 3.5 feet tall. Individual leaflets are longest (up to 4½" long) toward the middle of each leaf, becoming smaller toward the bottom and the top. The green, arching fronds grow in a circular cluster of 5 or 6 fronds. The leaflets of fertile leaves develop dark elongated sori (spore-bearing structures).
Flower detail
No flowers.
Fruit detail
Displays from July to September
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Native
Origin
Eastern Canada to U.S.A
Distribution
AL , AR , CT , DC , DE , GA , IA , IL , IN , KS , KY , LA , MA , MD , MI , MN , MO , MS , NC , NH , NJ , NY , OH , PA , SC , TN , VA , VT , WI , WV Canada: ON
Play value
Shade
Food & Medicine
Harvest time
Summer

Uses (ethnobotany)

A great addition to a woodland garden

Landscape Use
Landscape location
Naturalized Area; Pond; Slope/Bank; Woodland
Landscape theme
Native Garden; Shade Garden; Water Garden
Design feature
Border; Mass Planting; Small groups; Specimen
Garden tags
#deciduous #hardy #showy leaves #pond margins #moist soil #non-flowering #fern #native garden #NC native #Coastal FAC #food source summer #food source herbage #Piedmont Mountains FAC #Audubon #deer resistant #shade garden #clumping #wet soils tolerant #rabbit resistant #dry soils tolerant #groundcover #evergreen ferns #shade perennial #evergreen #woodland #th-touch
Problems & Resistance
Insect problems
Slugs & Snails on Ornamental Plants; Slugs and Snails Found on Flowers and Foliage
Resistant to
Deer; Dry Soil; Heavy Shade; Rabbits
Particularly resistant to
Heavy shade, Deer
Propagation
Division

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.