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Koehne Holly

Ilex I. aquifolium x I. latifolia (EYE-leks keh-nee-AN-nah)

Family: Aquifoliaceae Unknown Understory (15-40 ft)

'Martha Berry' ranks among the best cultivars of the Koehne holly. It is a member of the holly family (Aquifoliaceae). It is a hardy plant with a pyramidal form that is compact, dense, well-shaped and pleasing to the eye. 'Martha Berry' tolerates most soils except poorly-drained ones and can be grown in full to partial sun. It is tolerant of heat and humidity and is drought-tolerant once established. Prune in the late winter to control its size if needed. Mature plants do not tolerate root disturbance, so it is best to site the plant in its permanent position, preferably one that provides winter protection for the first year or two. Locate in an area that is protected from cold winter winds and hot summer sun. The dark green leaves along with the brilliant red berries add to its attractiveness. 'Martha Berry' is a female holly and requires a male pollinizer nearby to produce berries. According to the Holly Society of America, several male Koehne holly cultivars can serve as pollinizers: 'Loch Raven', 'Jade', 'Chieftain', and 'Ajax' have foliage and a habit very similar to 'Martha Berry' and bloom at the right time. 'Loch Raven', in particular, matches the leaf size and shape of 'Martha Berry'. The leaves of both are deep green. This is an excellent choice for a winter garden or pollinator garden. It can serve as a screen, accent, hedge or specimen. Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: Not as cold hardy as 'Nellie R. Stevens'. Insects that may affect this plant are holly leafminer, spider mites, whitefly and scale. Leaf drop and leaf scorch may be an issue. Yellowing of the leaves due to high pH soils can also affect the plant. The Clemson Cooperative Extension Home and Garden Information Center has a factsheet on common diseases and insect pests. VIDEO created by Andy Pulte for “Landscape Plant Identification, Taxonomy and Morphology” a plant identification course offered by the Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee. More information on Ilex x koehneana .

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 67 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 2 - Understory (15-40 ft) Optimal soil pH Acid (<6.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Often confused with Ilex x koehneana Ilex x koehneana 'San Jose'
Fills a similar niche Ilex crenata 'Hetzii' Ilex 'Nellie R. Stevens' Ilex x meserveae
Native alternatives Ilex opaca

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Perennial; Shrub; Tree
Life cycle
Perennial; Woody
USDA zones
6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b
Light
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
Clay; High Organic Matter; Loam (Silt); Sand
Soil pH
Acid (<6.0)
Soil drainage
Good Drainage | Moist | Occasionally Dry
Available space
6-feet-12 feet
NC region
Coastal; Mountains; Piedmont
Mature size
Height: 18 ft. 0 in. - 20 ft. 0 in. | Width: 10 ft. 0 in. - 12 ft. 0 in.
Growth rate
Medium
Maintenance
Low
Canopy layer
2 - Understory (15-40 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Dense; Pyramidal
Texture
Medium
Foliage
Broadleaf Evergreen
Leaf color
Green
Leaf type
Simple
Leaf arrangement
Alternate
Leaf shape
Elliptical
Leaf margin
Serrate
Leaf value
Long-lasting
Leaf size
3-6 inches long, 3-6 inches wide
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
Leaves are 3½ to 4½ inches long, dark, olive to almost blue-green and slightly wavy.
Flower color
Green; White
Flower value
Fragrant
Flower form
Cyme; Insignificant
Flower size
< 1 inch
Flower detail
The small, greenish-white, flowers bloom in the spring.
Bloom time
Spring
Fruit color
Red/Burgundy
Fruit type
Berry; Drupe
Fruit value
Long-lasting; Showy
Fruit size
< 1 inch long, < 1 inch wide
Fruit detail
Clusters of brilliant red fruit are persistent. Requires an appropriate male plant nearby to produce fruit.
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Unknown
Wildlife value
Fruits are attractive to birds. Flowers attract bees. Members of the genus Ilex support the following specialized bee: Colletes banksi.
Attracts
Bees; Pollinators; Songbirds; Specialized Bees
Play value
Attracts Pollinators; Screening
Food & Medicine
Harvest time
Fall; Winter
Fruit type
Berry; Drupe

Edibility

Use caution. Berries are slightly toxic to humans if eaten in quantity.

Landscape Use
Landscape location
Coastal; Lawn; Slope/Bank
Landscape theme
Pollinator Garden; Winter Garden
Design feature
Accent; Barrier; Border; Foundation Planting; Hedge; Mass Planting; Screen/Privacy; Small groups; Specimen
Garden tags
#specialized bees #evergreen #nectar plant #deer resistant #pollinator plant #bird friendly #heat tolerant #clay soils tolerant #drought tolerant #winter interest #bee friendly #showy fruits #wildlife friendly #pollinizer
Problems & Resistance
Insect problems
Leafminers of Hollies; Pests of Holly
Resistant to
Deer
Particularly resistant to
Deer damage
Propagation
Stem Cutting
Poison severity
Low
Poison parts
Fruits
Poison symptoms
Minor toxicity. Ingestion may cause vomiting, diarrhea, or other illness in humans.
Toxic principle
Saponins
Contact dermatitis
No
Toxicity summary
Low severity poison; parts: Fruits

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.