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Winter Red Winterberry

Ilex verticillata (EYE-leks ver-ti-sil-LAH-tah)

Family: Aquifoliaceae Unknown Shrub (3-15 ft)

'Winter Red' is a female cultivar of winterberry holly that is noteworthy for its vivid red fruits. It is a member of the the holly family (Aquifoliaceae). 'Winter Red' prefers moist to wet organic-rich acidic soil in sun to part shade but is adaptable to clay soil types. It will tolerate being planted in low areas, along streams and ponds. Flowers appear on new growth, thus if pruning this shrub to shape, do it in early spring before new growth appears. This cultivar of winterberry grows 6-8 feet tall and wide and is a heavy fruit producer when a male plant (pollinizer) is nearby. A good male plant to pair it with is 'Southern Gentleman'. This suckering shrub has a rounded form and provides year-round interest. It is especially attractive in winter as the leaves will drop leaving bright red berries which can persist through winter. It can also be used as a hedge, in a rain garden or as a specimen plant. It works well in native gardens, pollinator gardens and winter gardens. Fire Risk: This plant has a low flammability rating. Quick ID Hints: Deciduous shrubby holly with persistent red berries. Leaves are serrated and veins are pubescent underneath. Leaf veins are impressed on the upper side of the leaf. Insects, Diseases, or Other Plant Problems: No serious problems. Leaf spots and powdery mildew occasionally occur. Neutral to alkaline soils may cause chlorosis (yellowing of leaves) and even death. It may abort fruit set in dry soil. The Clemson Cooperative Extension Home and Garden Information Center has a factsheet on common diseases and insect pests. VIDEO created by Andy Pulte for “Landscape Plant Identification, Taxonomy and Morphology” a plant identification course offered by the Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee. More information on Ilex verticillata .

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 58 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 3 - Shrub (3-15 ft) Optimal soil pH Acid (<6.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Often confused with Ilex verticillata
Fills a similar niche Cornus florida Ilex verticillata Ilex verticillata 'Winter Gold'

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Shrub
Life cycle
Woody
USDA zones
3a, 3b, 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b
Light
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
Clay; High Organic Matter; Loam (Silt)
Soil pH
Acid (<6.0)
Soil drainage
Moist | Occasionally Wet
Available space
6-feet-12 feet
NC region
Coastal; Mountains; Piedmont
Mature size
Height: 6 ft. 0 in. - 8 ft. 0 in. | Width: 6 ft. 0 in. - 8 ft. 0 in.
Growth rate
Slow
Maintenance
Low
Canopy layer
3 - Shrub (3-15 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Erect; Multi-stemmed; Rounded
Texture
Medium
Foliage
Deciduous
Leaf color
Green
Leaf type
Simple
Leaf arrangement
Alternate
Leaf shape
Elliptical; Lanceolate
Leaf margin
Dentate
Leaf feel
Leathery
Leaf size
1-3 inches long, 1-3 inches wide
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
Dark green leaves are elliptical to lanceolate with toothed margins and pointed tips. They are 2 to 3 inches long and 1 to 2 inches wide.
Flower color
White
Flower detail
Small insignificant flowers appear in June-July in the axils of branches on new growth
Bloom time
Summer
Fruit color
Red/Burgundy
Fruit type
Berry; Drupe
Fruit value
Long-lasting; Showy
Fruit size
< 1 inch long, < 1 inch wide
Fruit detail
Fruits turn bright red in fall and persist throughout winter
Bark color
Black; Dark Brown; Dark Gray; Light Gray
Bark detail
Dark brown/gray to black bark
Stem color
Black; Brown/Copper; Gray/Silver
Stem detail
Grey to blackish with knobby lenticel bark, grey to grey-brown buds.
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Unknown
Wildlife value
Birds will eat the fruits
Attracts
Songbirds; Specialized Bees
Food & Medicine
Harvest time
Winter
Fruit type
Berry; Drupe
Landscape Use
Landscape location
Naturalized Area; Pond; Riparian
Landscape theme
Native Garden; Pollinator Garden; Rain Garden; Winter Garden
Design feature
Hedge; Specimen
Garden tags
#showy fruits #winter interest #red fruits #wet soils tolerant #deciduous shrub #sun #landscape plant sleuths course #bird friendly #partial shade tolerant #fire low flammability #stream banks #pollinizer #pond #moth friendly #bat friendly
Problems & Resistance
Insect problems
Leafminers of Hollies; Pests of Holly
Resistant to
Fire; Pollution; Wet Soil
Fire risk
low flammability

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.