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Crested Iris

Iris cristata (EYE-riss kris-TAY-tah)

Family: Iridaceae Native Groundcover (<1 ft)

Dwarf crested Iris is a native species in the Iridaceae (iris) family that grows in North Carolina. It reaches only 4-9 inches tall and spreads to form a groundcover in its native peaty woodland habitat. It offers an early perennial spring bloom in partly shady areas and grows well in rock gardens and woodland sites. Following the blooms, the foliage is useful as a ground cover in the woodland shade. This plant grows best in partial sun to partial shade, preferring rich, well-drained soil but also grows in the difficult-to-manage dry shade. A too rich soil will encourage foliage growth and no blooms. It can tolerate full sun but needs more moisture. Use this plant for a ground cover in partly shady areas of rock gardens, woodland sites or in a perennial border. It is resistant to damage by deer. Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: Slugs and snails are occasional problems. More information on Iris .

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 65 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 5 - Groundcover (<1 ft) Optimal soil pH Acid (<6.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Often confused with Iris japonica Iris verna

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Bulb; Ground Cover; Herbaceous Perennial; Native Plant; Poisonous; Wildflower
Life cycle
Bulb; Perennial
USDA zones
3a, 3b, 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b
Light
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
Loam (Silt); Sand
Soil pH
Acid (<6.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Soil drainage
Good Drainage | Moist | Occasionally Dry
Available space
Less than 12 inches
NC region
Coastal; Mountains; Piedmont
Mature size
Height: 0 ft. 6 in. - 0 ft. 9 in. | Width: 0 ft. 6 in. - 1 ft. 0 in.
Growth rate
Medium
Maintenance
Medium
Canopy layer
5 - Groundcover (<1 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Erect
Texture
Medium
Foliage
Deciduous
Leaf color
Gold/Yellow; Green
Leaf arrangement
Alternate
Leaf shape
Lanceolate
Leaf margin
Entire
Leaf size
3-6 inches long
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
6 inch long pointed, bright green, sword-shaped leaves with paler undersides.
Flower color
Blue; Gold/Yellow; Pink; Purple/Lavender; White
Flower value
Showy
Flower form
Head
Flower size
1-3 inches
Flower detail
Flowers are iris-like in blue, purple or white with a white patch and orange or yellow crest. Blooms from April to May.
Bloom time
Spring
Fruit color
Brown/Copper
Fruit type
Capsule
Fruit detail
Brown capsule. Displays from June to July.
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Native
Origin
N. Central & E. U.S.A.
Distribution
AL , AR , DC , GA , IL , IN , KY , MA , MD , MO , MS , NC , OH , OK , PA , SC , TN , VA , WV
Wildlife value
Its flowers are attractive to hummingbirds and bumblebees.
Attracts
Bees; Butterflies; Hummingbirds; Small Mammals
Play value
Wildlife Food Source
Food & Medicine
Harvest time
Summer
Fruit type
Capsule
Landscape Use
Landscape location
Naturalized Area; Woodland
Landscape theme
Butterfly Garden; Native Garden; Pollinator Garden; Rock Garden; Shade Garden
Design feature
Border
Garden tags
#poisonous #drought tolerant #fire low flammability #naturalizes #groundcover #pollinator plant #NC native #native wildflower #spring interest #flowers late spring #large flowers #showy flowers #cutting garden #spring flowers #butterfly friendly #pink flowers #food source herbage #food source nectar #mammals #food source pollen #food source summer #HS302 #problem for dogs #problem for cats #problem for horses #Audubon #partial shade tolerant #bee friendly #flowers mid-spring #dry soils tolerant #dry shade #perennial #wildlife friendly #herb garden #woodland #wildflower #NC Native Pollinator Plant #HS304 #contact dermatitis
Problems & Resistance
Insect problems
Slugs and Snails Found on Flowers and Foliage; Narcissus Bulb Fly; Potato Aphid on Ornamental Plants
Problems
Contact Dermatitis; Poisonous to Humans; Problem for Cats; Problem for Dogs; Problem for Horses
Resistant to
Deer; Drought; Dry Soil; Fire
Particularly resistant to
This plant is highly resistant to damage from deer.
Propagation
Division; Seed
Fire risk
low flammability
Poison severity
Low
Poison parts
Roots; Sap/Juice; Seeds
Poison symptoms
Nausea, salivation, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, lethargy, elevated temperature following ingestion; skin irritation upon contact with seeds, rootstock, or cell sap. It causes only low toxicity if eaten. Skin irritation lasts for a few minutes. Highest concentration in rhizomes
Toxic principle
Pentacylic terpenoids (zeorin, missourin and missouriensin), Irisin, iridin, or irisine
Contact dermatitis
Yes
Toxicity summary
Low severity poison; parts: Roots; Sap/Juice; Seeds; contact dermatitis

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.