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Chinese Juniper

Juniperus chinensis (jew-NIP-er-us chi-NEN-sis)

Family: Cupressaceae Non-native Canopy (>40 ft)

Chinese Juniper is an evergreen conifer native to eastern Asia including China, Mongolia, Japan, and the Himalayas. This a bushy conical tree that can grow to heights of 50-60 feet spreading 15-20 feet. However, its multiple varieties may have many forms and heights from low ground covers through shrubs, both small and large, to short or tall trees. Therefore, it may be employed as a specimen plant to fill assorted landscape niches. Most prefer sunny locations but will accept partial shade. This slow growing plant adapts to most soils from acidic to alkaline (pH5.0 to 8.0) if kept moderately moist but well-drained. Established plants can tolerate slight drought and rocky soil. Chinese Juniper also transplants easily. Propagation requires both male and female trees (dioecious); male pollen cones are catkin-like while female plants have light blue seed cones that take the form of a fleshy berry. These take two years to mature and become violet-brown to black. The immature berries are often used in cooking for seasoning. The dark green, aromatic foliage is characterized as juvenile, paired or in threes, 8mm long pointed needles called awl, and adult, flat, scale-like in 2 opposite pairs. The bark is light brown with ridges peeling in thin strips. This plant is seldom damaged by deer, tolerant of air pollution and is moderately salt tolerant. It is fungus susceptible as the first half of the cycle of Cedar-Apple Rust with round orange galls forming on infected branches and needles in spring reaching as much as 2 inches. The galls can form a brown gelatinous tendril or horn which harbor the spores that in turn infect nearby apple trees completing the cycle. See also the many varieties of junipers for a wide choice of shapes and colors. Native alternatives include Juniperus virginiana and Juniperus communis 'Compressa'. Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: See potential insect problems of conifers fact sheet to the left The Clemson Cooperative Extension Home and Garden Information Center has a factsheet on common juniper diseases and insect pests. More information on Juniperus .

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 55 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 1 - Canopy (>40 ft) Optimal soil pH Neutral (6.0-8.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Often confused with Juniperus conferta Juniperus x pfitzeriana Juniperus x pfitzeriana 'Gold Coast'
Native alternatives Juniperus virginiana

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Perennial; Tree
Life cycle
Woody
USDA zones
4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b
Light
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Soil pH
Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Soil drainage
Good Drainage
Available space
6-feet-12 feet
NC region
Coastal; Mountains; Piedmont
Mature size
Height: 50 ft. 0 in. - 60 ft. 0 in. | Width: 10 ft. 0 in. - 20 ft. 0 in.
Growth rate
Medium
Maintenance
Low
Canopy layer
1 - Canopy (>40 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Conical
Texture
Medium
Foliage
Needled Evergreen
Leaf color
Blue; Green
Leaf type
Needles
Leaf arrangement
Opposite
Leaf feel
Prickly
Leaf value
Showy
Leaf size
1-3 inches long
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
Dark green adult flat scale-like, bluish-green juvenile needles.
Flower detail
No flowers, but cones are large and brown and fall apart upon maturity. Female cones are blue fleshy "berry" looking.
Fruit value
Edible
Fruit detail
No true fruits, but female cones are blue, fleshy "berry" looking and edible, often used as a seasoning.
Bark color
Light Brown
Bark detail
Ridged and fissured peeling in thin strips
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Non-native
Origin
China, Mongolia, Japan, Himalayas
Wildlife value
Resistant to deer
Play value
Colorful
Food & Medicine
Edible parts
Fruit

Edibility

immature cone "berry" used as seasoning

Uses (ethnobotany)

Determined by variety: Specimen trees, hedge, winter interest

Landscape Use
Landscape location
Lawn
Landscape theme
Asian Garden
Design feature
Accent; Hedge
Garden tags
#evergreen #deer resistant #evergreen tree #air pollution tolerant #dry soils tolerant #rocky soils tolerant #low maintenance #specimen #tall #salt tolerant #full sun tolerant #partial shade tolerant #cpp #HS111 #HS304 #hortcontest #fpp #contact dermatitis
Problems & Resistance
Insect problems
Pests of Conifers
Other problems
Cedar Apple Rust
Problems
Malodorous
Resistant to
Deer; Pollution; Salt
Particularly resistant to
Deer, salt, air pollution, drought, erosion
Propagation
Stem Cutting

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.