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Japanese Garden Juniper

Juniperus procumbens (jew-NIP-er-us pro-KUM-benz)

Family: Cupressaceae Non-native Herbaceous (1-3 ft)

Japanese juniper is a dwarf, needled, evergreen shrub, a native of southern Japan with low, prostrate, branches that spread parallel and low to the ground. At maturity, it is under 2 feet high, but its long trailing branches can have a spread of up to 15 feet. The genus name comes from the Latin name for the juniper and the species name means prostrate. Japanese juniper grows best in full sun, in average, well-drained soils. It tolerates a wide range of soils, including poor soil, but prefers a dry, sandy soil. It also does well in hot and dry conditions, or in urban environments. However, it does not tolerate wet soils. Japanese juniper, because of its size and spread, is typically used as a ground cover that, over time, forms a large, dense mat. It can be severely pruned. It is especially suited to rock gardens or cascading over retaining walls. Growth is slow and it often takes up more than 10 years to reach its maximum spread. This plant is seldom damaged by deer and is moderately salt tolerant. Diseases, Insect Pests, and Other Plant Problems: In general, junipers are susceptible to blights that cause stem tips to die back. Rust diseases spend part of their life cycle on junipers. Root rot may occur in wet, poorly drained soils. Insect pests include aphids, bag worms, twig borers, web worms and spider mites. The Clemson Cooperative Extension Home and Garden Information Center has a factsheet on common pests and diseases. VIDEO created by Andy Pulte for “Landscape Plant Identification, Taxonomy, and Morphology” a plant identification course offered by the Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee. More information on Juniperus .

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 46 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 4 - Herbaceous (1-3 ft) Optimal soil pH Acid (<6.0); Alkaline (>8.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Often confused with Juniperus conferta

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Ground Cover
Life cycle
Perennial; Woody
USDA zones
4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b
Light
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Soil texture
Clay; Loam (Silt); Sand; Shallow Rocky
Soil pH
Acid (<6.0); Alkaline (>8.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Soil drainage
Good Drainage | Occasionally Dry
NC region
Coastal; Mountains; Piedmont
Mature size
Height: 0 ft. 6 in. - 1 ft. 6 in. | Width: 10 ft. 0 in. - 15 ft. 0 in.
Growth rate
Slow
Maintenance
Low
Canopy layer
4 - Herbaceous (1-3 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Horizontal; Prostrate
Texture
Fine
Foliage
Needled Evergreen
Leaf color
Blue; Green
Leaf type
Needles
Leaf arrangement
Whorled
Leaf feel
Prickly
Leaf value
Long-lasting
Leaf size
< 1 inch long
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
Spiny blue-green to gray-green needles (to 1/3 of an inch long) are primarily linear and appear in whorls of three. The foliage retains its color in winter.
Flower detail
This plant does not flower.
Fruit color
Black
Fruit type
Berry
Fruit detail
Fleshy seed cones (blackish berries at maturity) are often absent on cultivated plants. Pollen cones shed their pollen in spring. Seed cones mature about 18 months after pollination.
Stem detail
Branches spread parallel to and slightly above the ground. They tend to intertwine and form a dense mat.
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Non-native
Origin
Western and southern Korea, southern Japan to Nansei-shoto.
Food & Medicine
Fruit type
Berry
Landscape Use
Landscape location
Rock Wall; Slope/Bank
Landscape theme
Asian Garden; Rock Garden
Design feature
Border; Foundation Planting; Mass Planting
Garden tags
#deer resistant #salt tolerant #lawn alternative #needled evergreen #groundcover #evergreen #spreading #slow growing #contact dermatitis
Problems & Resistance
Insect problems
Juniper Pest Management Calendar; Juniper Tip Dwarf Mite; Juniper Scale Insect; Pests of Conifers
Other problems
Juniper Webworm
Resistant to
Deer; Drought; Dry Soil; Erosion; Poor Soil; Salt
Propagation
Seed

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.