Students for Stewardship The Cork Board
← Back to the library

Golden Larch

Larix kaempferi (LAR-iks KAYMP-fer-eye)

Family: Pinaceae Non-native Canopy (>40 ft)

Japanese larch is a large, deciduous conifer in the pine family (Pinaceae), native to Japan. The genus name is the classical name for larch trees. The species epithet honors Engelbert Kaempfer, a German botanist and plant collector who visited Japan in the late 1600s. Japanese larch does best when sited in full sun and rich, acidic, well-drained soil with consistent moisture and protection from wind. A site that mimics its native environment of cool summers and cold winters is best. It typically does not perform well in hot and humid summers. The tree will tolerate some light shade, but does not do well in full shade, dry soils, or with exposure to urban pollution. Propagate by seed. When planted from seed, it is slow growing for the first two or three years, but a rapid grower after that. It is easy to transplant. At maturity, it will reach a height of 90 feet or more with a spread of up to 40 feet. The soft, bright green needles turn yellow in fall before falling to the ground in winter. It has a broad, conical crown and slender, pendulous branches, and the gray bark peels off in long strips. The seed cones are colorful in season, starting violet, maturing orange-brown tinged with purple, and finally gray-brown. Japanese larch is distinct in the reddish-brown color of the ripened shoots, the broader gray-green leaves, and the colorful cones with spreading scales. Japanese larch is considered the most ornamental of the larches and is noted for its long life span. Use it in lawns and woodlands. It is ideal for Asian gardens and attracts songbirds. Insects, Diseases and Other Plant Problems: Potential pests include larch case-bearer, larch sawfly, larch looper, tussock moth, Japanese beetle, redheaded pine sawfly and woolly aphids. Diseases include needle cast, needle rust and canker.

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 54 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 1 - Canopy (>40 ft) Optimal soil pH Acid (<6.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Tree
Life cycle
Woody
USDA zones
4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b
Light
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
High Organic Matter; Loam (Silt)
Soil pH
Acid (<6.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Soil drainage
Good Drainage | Moist
Available space
24-60 feet
Mature size
Height: 70 ft. 0 in. - 90 ft. 0 in. | Width: 25 ft. 0 in. - 40 ft. 0 in.
Growth rate
Rapid
Maintenance
Low
Canopy layer
1 - Canopy (>40 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Broad; Conical; Horizontal; Open; Pyramidal; Spreading
Texture
Fine
Foliage
Deciduous
Leaf color
Gold/Yellow; Green; Orange; White
Leaf type
Needles
Leaf shape
Acicular
Leaf feel
Soft
Leaf value
Showy
Leaf size
1-3 inches long, < 1 inch wide
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
Narrow, fine-textured, sea green leaves 1 to 2 1/2 inches long have two white stripes on the underside and appear in brush-like clusters at the ends of spur-like shoots along the branches. Displays yellow to orange-red fall color although the fall leaves do not last long and fall off of the tree by winter.
Fall color
Gold/Yellow; Orange
Flower detail
non flowering
Fruit color
Brown/Copper; Gold/Yellow; Green; Purple/Lavender
Fruit value
Showy
Fruit size
1-3 inches long, 1-3 inches wide
Fruit detail
Cones are 2 to 3 inches, erect, green to purplish changing to golden brown in fall. Cones somewhat globose, and broader in proportion to their length than those of any other larch.
Bark color
Dark Gray
Bark detail
Bark is gray with rusty-brown inner bark. Peels off in long strips.
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Non-native
Origin
Central Japan
Distribution
Introduced into northern and central Europe, Newfoundland, and New York.
Wildlife value
Attracts small finches, tits and tree creepers.
Attracts
Songbirds
Food & Medicine
Harvest time
Fall

Uses (ethnobotany)

The bark contains tannin and the wood is strong, heavy and durable.

Landscape Use
Landscape location
Lawn; Woodland
Landscape theme
Asian Garden
Garden tags
#deciduous #moist soil #well-drained soil #easy to transplant #deciduous conifer #needles #horizontal branching #large tree #fall color #fine texture #air pollution intolerant #colorful leaves #fast growing
Problems & Resistance
Insect problems
Pests of Conifers
Disease problems
Needle Cast, Diaporthe eres/Phomopsis in Christmas Trees
Propagation
Seed

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.