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Blue Sandhill Lupine

Lupinus diffusus (loo-PIE-nus dy-FEW-sus)

Family: Fabaceae Native Herbaceous (3-15 ft)

Skyblue Lupine is a beautiful, flowering, herbaceous perennial in the bean family. Native habitats include scrub, coastal strands, sandhills and pine flat woods of the south east. Here in North Carolina, it only grows in the southern coastal and coastal plains areas. It is an ornamental plant with lovely pea-like blue flowers in early spring with hairy velvety leaves. Skyblue Lupine does best in sandy, slightly acidic, dry, well-drained soils in full sun. While full sun encourages the best flowering, the plants appreciate some light afternoon shade in hot summer areas. Plants grow well in the cool summers, but in the heat and humidity of USDA Zones 7 through 9, it may be best to grow them as annuals. It can be a finicky plant to grow, but full sun and well-drained sandy soil are essential. Seeds can lie dormant for years, waiting for just the right conditions to germinate. However, It is very difficult to transplant due to a deep taproot and it doesn't like being moved at all. This makes it very difficult for commercial growers as the seeds do not like being started in pots. So it may be best to just enjoy it in its native habitat and help preserve that habitat. Diseases, Insect Pests, and Other Plant Problems: Powdery mildew can be a problem, but good air circulation helps. More information on Lupinus .

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 59 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 4 - Herbaceous (3-15 ft) Optimal soil pH Acid (<6.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Herbaceous Perennial; Native Plant; Poisonous; Wildflower
Life cycle
Biennial; Perennial
USDA zones
4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b
Light
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
Sand
Soil pH
Acid (<6.0)
Soil drainage
Good Drainage | Occasionally Dry
Available space
Less than 12 inches
NC region
Coastal
Mature size
Height: 1 ft. 6 in. - 3 ft. 0 in. | Width: 2 ft. 0 in. - 3 ft. 0 in.
Growth rate
Medium
Canopy layer
4 - Herbaceous (3-15 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Erect; Spreading
Foliage
Broadleaf Evergreen
Leaf color
Green
Leaf type
Compound (Pinnately , Bipinnately, Palmately)
Leaf arrangement
Alternate; Rosulate
Leaf shape
Elliptical; Lanceolate
Leaf margin
Entire
Leaf feel
Soft
Leaf size
3-6 inches long, 1-3 inches wide
Hairs present
Yes
Leaf detail
Undivided, elliptic green leaves, 4 inches by 2 inches, with many fine white hairs.
Flower color
Blue; White
Flower value
Showy
Flower form
Raceme; Spike
Flower shape
Lipped
Flower detail
Blue pea-like flower with a white spot on the upper petal and 2 lower petals that are fused. The flowers are borne on dense spikes. Blooms from March to May.
Bloom time
Spring; Summer
Fruit type
Legume
Fruit detail
Fruit an elongated, flattened pod. Displays from June to July.
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Native
Origin
South Eastern United States
Distribution
North Carolina south to Florida and west to Mississippi.
Wildlife value
The gray hairstreak butterfly will use it as a host plant. It is a special value to bumble bees.
Attracts
Bees; Butterflies; Hummingbirds; Pollinators
Food & Medicine
Edible parts
Seeds
Harvest time
Summer
Fruit type
Legume

Edibility

Eating seeds can cause distress.

Landscape Use
Landscape location
Coastal
Landscape theme
Butterfly Garden; Drought Tolerant Garden; Native Garden
Design feature
Accent
Garden tags
#native wildflower #showy flowers #blue flowers #spring flowers #well-drained soil #pollinator plant #sandy soils tolerant #food source herbage #larval host plant #food source nectar #food source pollen #hummingbird friendly #food source summer #Audubon #full sun tolerant #coastal plant #difficult to grow #NC native #NC Native Pollinator Plant #poor soil tolerant #subshrub
Problems & Resistance
Problems
Poisonous to Humans; Problem for Horses
Resistant to
Drought; Heat; Humidity; Poor Soil
Propagation
Seed
Poison severity
Low
Poison parts
Seeds
Poison symptoms
Respiratory depression and slow heartbeat, sleepiness, convulsions if large amounts are eaten.
Toxic principle
Alkaloids such as lupinine, anagyrine, sparteine, and hydroxylupanine
Contact dermatitis
No
Toxicity summary
Low severity poison; parts: Seeds

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.