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American Climbing Fern

Lygodium palmatum (ly-GO-dee-um pahl-MAY-tum)

Family: Lygodiaceae Native Vine (vertical)

American climbing fern is a climbing, herbaceous perennial fern in the fan-fern family (Lygodiaceae). It is native to the Eastern United States and is considered threatened in many states. Native to North Carolina, where it is considered rare, this species is found primarily in the Appalachian Mountains. The species epithet describes the palmate lobes on the sterile leaflets. It grows well with constant moisture and acidic soils and is found in thickets, bogs, marshes, and open and closed woods. It grows in partial shade to full sun. Preferred soil type is loam or clay. Its fronds can grow in length 8 feet or more, twining around other vegetation. It is known as Hartford fern because it was the first plant to be protected by law in the United States, in Hartford, Connecticut, where it was gathered for Christmas decorations. This fern can grow in boggy areas, near ponds, woodlands and in naturalized areas. It can also be grown in native or winter gardens. Excercise care when using this species in the garden, as it can climb exuberantly over other plants. Diseases, Insect Pests, and Other Plant Problems: No known diseases or pest issues. VIDEO Created by NC State Extension's Homegrown series featuring Mark Weathington , Director of JC Raulston Arboretum .

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 46 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 6 - Vine (vertical) Optimal soil pH Acid (<6.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Often confused with Lygodium japonicum

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Fern; Herbaceous Perennial; Native Plant; Vine
Life cycle
Perennial
USDA zones
4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b
Light
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
Clay; Loam (Silt)
Soil pH
Acid (<6.0)
Soil drainage
Occasionally Wet
Available space
6-feet-12 feet; 12-24 feet
NC region
Mountains; Piedmont
Mature size
Height: 6 ft. 0 in. - 9 ft. 0 in. | Width: 6 ft. 0 in. - 8 ft. 0 in.
Growth rate
Medium
Maintenance
Medium
Canopy layer
6 - Vine (vertical)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Climbing; Creeping
Texture
Medium
Foliage
Broadleaf Evergreen; Semi-evergreen
Leaf color
Green
Leaf type
Compound (Pinnately , Bipinnately, Palmately); Fronds
Leaf arrangement
Other/more complex
Leaf shape
Ovate
Leaf margin
Lobed
Leaf feel
Slippery
Leaf size
1-3 inches long, 3-6 inches wide
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
3-7 lobed leaflets are palmately divided (appear hand-like). Leaves are 1-2 inches long and 2-4 inches wide and sterile. The fertile leaves are at the top of the plant and the leaflets are much more finely cut and have spores on the back.
Flower detail
No flowers.
Fruit detail
No fruits. This plants reproduces via spores.
Stem color
Green
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Native
Origin
Eastern United States
Distribution
AL , CT , DE , FL , GA , ID , KS , KY , MA , MD , MI , MS , NC , NH , NJ , NY , OH , PA , RI , SC , TN , VA , VT , WV
Landscape Use
Landscape location
Naturalized Area; Pond; Woodland
Landscape theme
Native Garden; Shade Garden; Winter Garden
Design feature
Accent; Screen/Privacy; Specimen
Garden tags
#specimen #endangered #native garden #fern #NC native #deer resistant #full sun tolerant #acidic soils tolerant #boggy sites #vine #woodland #wetland
Problems & Resistance
Resistant to
Deer; Wet Soil
Particularly resistant to
This plant is seldom damaged by deer.

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.