Garden Mint

Mentha spicata (MEN-thah spih-KAY-tah)

Family: Lamiaceae Non-native Herbaceous (1-3 ft)

Spearmint is a flowering, aromatic herb or groundcover in the Lamiaceae (mint) family native to Europe. In its natural haibtat it is found growing in moist fields and pond or lake margins. It can be distinguished from other mints by its almost hairless (glabrous) leaves that are attached to the stem with a very to almost non-existant petiole (sessile). The genus name comes from Minthe or Menthe, a water nymph in Greek mythology, who was transformed by Persephone into a mint plant in revenge for Minthe's ongoing affair with Hades (husband of Persephone). The species name means spike. This upright perennial thrives in full sun in organically rich, well-drained, moist soils growing quickly 1 to 2 feet high and wide with bright green leaves and shoots. It does tolerate partial shade and a wide range of soil types, but does not do well in dry soils. The square stems can root wherever they touch the ground and it also spreads by rhizomes. Soil barriers can restrain rhizomatous spread if plants are grown in borders or other areas where spread is unwanted. The small lilac, pink, or white flowers appear in terminal spikes in late summer and can be sheared after bloom to remove flower spikes and stimulate new vegetative growth. Leaves have a strong spearmint fragrance and taste, and may be used to flavor teas, in salads, as a garnish or in potpourris. It is widely used for culinary purposes and is known as one of the best mints for flavor. Use the flowers and leaves fresh or dried in teas, beverages, jellies, syrups, candies, ice creams, lamb dishes, and mint sauce. Best grown in a container as it spreads rampantly. This trait, however, can be an advantage if the plants are grown as a ground cover in moist areas. The herb will also do well in a raised bed that will provide good drainage and help to control spread. Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: Fungal diseases are common diseases in spearmint. Two main diseases are rust and leaf spot. The plant spreads aggressively. VIDEO Created by Laura Barth for "Vegetables, Herbs, Fruits, and Nuts," a plant identification course developed in partnership with Longwood Gardens.

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 64 attributes.