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Banana

Musa x paradisiaca (MOO-sah par-ah-dee-see-AH-ka)

Family: Musaceae Unknown Understory (15-40 ft)

Edible Banana is a fast growing,suckering, herbaceous perennial tree, a member of the banana family ( Musaceae ), and a sterile hybrid of M. acuminata and M. balbisiana . It is a tropical plant cultivated in warm climates for its tasty yellow-skinned fruit, commonly called French plantains. In addition to the fruit, the plant produces large (8 foot) leaves and yellow flowers with attractive lavender bracts.The genus name honors Antonia Musa, Roman physician of the 1st century B.C. The species epithet means "of the paradise or of the pleasure garden." Edible Banana is not winter hardy, but it can be grown outdoors with the condition that it be dug up and brought indoors at first frost. More typically, it is grown in greenhouses or containers that are brought indoors. Its relatively small size makes it useful as a houseplant. If grown outdoors, plant Edible Banana in organically rich, medium moisture, well-drained soil in full sun. Use a site with part shade or light filtered sun in the heat of the day and protected from winds that can damage the leaves. Keep the soil moist and fertilize plants regularly during the growing season. If grown in containers, use a well-drained potting soil mix kept consistently moist. When brought indoors, place containers in a large sunny room with reduced water and fertilization. Alternatively, you can cut foliage back to 6 or 8 inches and store the container in a cool, dark, frost-free locaton. Young plants often will not flower and fruit until well established and container plants cut close to the ground in fall each year may never flower. Also, after flowering and fruiting, the pseudostem formed by the leaves dies, but suckers will form new pseudostems. While this species does include some dessert bananas, it mostly contains cultivars of starchy cooking bananas and plantains. Many of these cultivars are available in commerce, ranging in height from 7 to 25 feet tall. Diseases, Insect Pests, and Other Plant Problems: No serious insect or disease problems. If grown in a greenhouse, watch for aphids, mealybugs, moths, scale, thrips, fruit flies and spider mites. Susceptible to anthracnose, wilt and mosaic virus.

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 56 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 2 - Understory (15-40 ft) Optimal soil pH Acid (<6.0); Alkaline (>8.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Often confused with Musa acuminata

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Edible; Herbaceous Perennial; Houseplant; Tree
Life cycle
Perennial
USDA zones
9a, 9b, 10a, 10b, 11a, 11b
Light
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Soil texture
High Organic Matter; Loam (Silt); Sand
Soil pH
Acid (<6.0); Alkaline (>8.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Soil drainage
Good Drainage | Moist
Available space
12-24 feet
Mature size
Height: 7 ft. 0 in. - 25 ft. 0 in. | Width: 6 ft. 0 in. - 10 ft. 0 in.
Growth rate
Slow
Maintenance
High
Canopy layer
2 - Understory (15-40 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Spreading
Foliage
Broadleaf Evergreen
Leaf color
Green; Purple/Lavender
Leaf type
Sheath
Leaf shape
Oblong; Spatulate
Leaf feel
Smooth
Leaf value
Showy
Leaf size
> 6 inches long, > 6 inches wide
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
Oblong to paddle-shaped leaves up to 8 feet long with leaf sheaths that overlap to form a trunk-like pseudostem (false stem).
Flower color
Gold/Yellow; Purple/Lavender
Flower value
Showy
Flower form
Spike
Flower shape
Tubular
Flower size
> 6 inches
Flower detail
Large hanging cluster of yellow flowers with purple-red bracts appear in summer on mature plants.
Bloom time
Summer
Fruit color
Black; Brown/Copper; Gold/Yellow; Green
Fruit type
Berry
Fruit value
Edible; Showy
Fruit size
> 3 inches long, 1-3 inches wide
Fruit detail
An elongated fruit with a thick peel. Tends to be starchier than more commonly known bananas.
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Unknown
Origin
Malesia
Distribution
Southeast Asia, India, Central America, Peru, Florida
Wildlife value
Attracts wildlife.
Attracts
Pollinators; Songbirds
Food & Medicine
Edible parts
Fruit; Flowers
Harvest time
Fall
Fruit type
Berry

Edibility

The fruits can be eaten raw or cooked. Flowers are used as ingredient in curries.

Landscape Use
Landscape location
Container; Houseplants; Lawn
Landscape theme
Edible Garden
Design feature
Accent; Flowering Tree; Specimen
Garden tags
#tropical herbaceous perennial #edible fruits #herbaceous perennial #tropical #non-toxic for cats #non-toxic for horses #non-toxic for dogs #showy fruits #edible #hybrid #showy leaves #suckering #ornamental tree
Problems & Resistance
Propagation
Division

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.