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Chinese Tupelo

Nyssa sinensis (NIH-suh sih-NEN-sis)

Family: Nyssaceae Non-native Canopy (>40 ft)

Chinese tupelo is a flowering tree with a straight trunk and rounded crown, typically grown for its foliage and native to Asia. At maturity, it can reach 30 to 50 feet in height, but it can take 10 years to reach half that. It is a member of the tupelo family (Nyssaceae). In spring, the new leaves emerge as a bronze-purple, turn green during the growing season and are orange, yellow and red in autumn. The flowers are small and white and also appear in spring. The tree grows well in marginal soils that are too wet for most other tree species. The blue fruits can be a little messy in the fall. The genus name comes from Nysa or Nyssa, one of the water nymphs. Chinese tupelo does best in full sun or partial shade and moist conditions. It prefers acidic soils, but tolerates a variety of soil types. It has a long taproot, which would preclude moving established trees. Female trees need a male pollinizer to set fruit. Chinese tupelo adapts well to problematic soil and produces spectacular fall color. It can be a very ornamental plant in difficult or wet sites. The tree needs little pruning, except for lower branches that can droop as the tree grows. Chinese tupelo is known in cultivation as a more compact version of its relative N. sylvatica (the black tupelo) with better disease resistance. Both plants, originating from swamps and wetlands, require moist conditions. Diseases, Insect Pests, and Other Plant Problems: No known diseases or insect pests. Susceptible to leaf spots, canker, rust, leaf miner and scale.

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 52 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 1 - Canopy (>40 ft) Optimal soil pH Acid (<6.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Fills a similar niche Quercus nigra Stewartia ovata Ulmus alata

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Tree
Life cycle
Perennial; Woody
USDA zones
7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b
Light
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
Clay; Loam (Silt); Sand
Soil pH
Acid (<6.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Soil drainage
Moist | Occasionally Wet
Available space
24-60 feet
NC region
Coastal; Piedmont
Mature size
Height: 30 ft. 0 in. - 50 ft. 0 in. | Width: 15 ft. 0 in. - 30 ft. 0 in.
Growth rate
Slow
Maintenance
Medium
Canopy layer
1 - Canopy (>40 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Multi-stemmed; Rounded
Texture
Medium
Foliage
Deciduous
Leaf color
Brown/Copper; Green; Purple/Lavender
Leaf type
Simple
Leaf arrangement
Alternate
Leaf shape
Elliptical; Obovate
Leaf margin
Dentate; Entire
Leaf value
Showy
Leaf size
> 6 inches long, 3-6 inches wide
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
The six-inch-long, green leaves turn brilliant shades of red, yellow, and orange in fall. Entire to slightly toothed.
Fall color
Gold/Yellow; Orange; Red/Burgundy
Flower color
White
Flower form
Insignificant
Flower detail
Small, greenish-white flowers appear in the spring in axillary clusters. Female flowers appear in sparse clusters and male flowers in dense heads.
Bloom time
Spring
Fruit color
Blue; Purple/Lavender
Fruit size
< 1 inch long
Fruit detail
Half inch long fruits are edible but quite sour and mature to a dark blue. Attractive to birds and wildlife.
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Non-native
Origin
Southern China to northern Indochina.
Distribution
Coastal United States
Wildlife value
Nectar source for bees.
Attracts
Bees
Food & Medicine
Harvest time
Fall
Landscape Use
Landscape location
Pond
Landscape theme
Water Garden
Design feature
Accent; Flowering Tree; Specimen
Garden tags
#deciduous #wet soils tolerant #fall interest #showy fruits #tree #flowering tree #moist soil #medium size tree #slow growing #colorful leaves #fall color
Problems & Resistance
Resistant to
Compaction; Drought; Poor Soil; Wet Soil
Propagation
Seed; Stem Cutting

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.