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Colorado Blue Spruce

Picea pungens (PI-see-a PUN-jenz GLAW-ka)

Family: Pinaceae Unknown Canopy (>40 ft)

Colorado blue spruce is a medium to a large dense evergreen tree that has a pyramidal habit with horizontal branches and blue-green to silvery-blue needles. This is a popular ornamental and accent tree for its color and shape. It may grow from 30 to 60 feet tall and 10 to 20 feet wide. It serves as a beautiful vertical accent and makes an excellent windbreak. The needles are about 1-inch long, stiff, spikey, stout, and curve slightly. The cones are light brown and cylinder-shaped when mature. It is a member of the Pinaceae or pine family. It is native to the Rocky Mountain region of the United States from New Mexico up to Colorado and is cold hardy down to zone 3. The genus name, Picea , is thought to be derived from the Latin word pix which means "pitch." This refers to the sticky resin in the bark of the tree. The species name, pungens, means "sharp and pointed" which references the needles. The variety name, glauca, means "covered with a waxy bloom" which also references the tree's needles. The Colorado blue spruce prefers full sun and cold nights. It is tolerant of dry and moist soils but is intolerant to standing water. It performs well in most soil types and pH levels. This spruce needs to be planted where it will have plenty of room to grow and thrives in urban areas. Consider the Colorado blue spruce will do best in cool summer climates and will suffer in the heat and humidity of the southeast. See native alternatives to the left. Quick ID Hints: dense, pyramidal-shaped evergreen with horizontal branching dark gray furrowed bark on mature trees blue-green to silvery-green spiky, stiff, needles measuring up to 1 inch long and curve slightly at the end of the branch light brown cones measure 2 to 4 inches long Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: The Colorado blue spruce is susceptible to aphids, spruce gall aphids, scale, bagworms, and spider mites. VIDEO created by Andy Pulte for “Landscape Plant Identification, Taxonomy and Morphology” a plant identification course offered by the Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee.

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 50 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 1 - Canopy (>40 ft) Optimal soil pH Acid (<6.0); Alkaline (>8.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Fills a similar niche Cedrus atlantica 'Glauca' Salvia rosmarinus Thuja occidentalis 'Degroot' s Spire'
Native alternatives Juncus tenuis Juniperus virginiana Juniperus virginiana var. silicicola Pinus virginiana Thuja occidentalis

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Tree
Life cycle
Woody
USDA zones
2a, 2b, 3a, 3b
Light
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Soil texture
Clay; Loam (Silt); Sand; Shallow Rocky
Soil pH
Acid (<6.0); Alkaline (>8.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Soil drainage
Good Drainage | Moist | Occasionally Dry
Available space
24-60 feet
Mature size
Height: 30 ft. 0 in. - 60 ft. 0 in. | Width: 10 ft. 0 in. - 20 ft. 0 in.
Growth rate
Slow
Maintenance
Low
Canopy layer
1 - Canopy (>40 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Dense; Pyramidal
Texture
Medium
Foliage
Needled Evergreen
Leaf color
Blue; Gray/Silver; Green
Leaf type
Needles
Leaf arrangement
Whorled
Leaf shape
Acicular
Leaf feel
Prickly
Leaf value
Showy
Leaf size
< 1 inch long, < 1 inch wide
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
The needles are stiff, stout, spiky, four-sided, and curve slightly. They measure 0.75 to 1.25 inches and are blue-green or silvery-green. There are stomatic lines on each side of the needle. The needles are arranged all around the stem, but they appear more numerous on the upper side of the branch.
Fruit color
Brown/Copper; Green; Purple/Lavender
Fruit value
Showy
Fruit size
> 3 inches long
Fruit detail
The fruit initially emerges green in color and then turns purple. As it matures, the cone becomes light brown and cylinder-shaped with scales. It measures 2 to 4 inches long, and harvesting may occur in the fall and winter.
Bark color
Dark Gray
Bark detail
The bark is dark gray, rough, and furrowed.
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Unknown
Origin
Rocky Mountains of Colorado, Wyoming to New Mexico
Distribution
Rocky Mountains of Colorado, New Mexico, and Wyoming
Play value
Textural; Wind Break
Food & Medicine
Harvest time
Fall; Winter
Landscape Use
Landscape location
Vertical Spaces
Landscape theme
Rock Garden; Winter Garden
Design feature
Accent; Border; Hedge
Garden tags
#needled evergreen #conifer #blue needles #heat intolerant #tall #pyramidal #ornamental tree #needles #rock garden #border planting #full sun #landscape plant sleuths course #showy cones #hedge #accent
Problems & Resistance
Insect problems
Pests of Conifers; Deodar Weevil / Eastern Pine Weevil; Spruce Rust Mite; Spruce Spider Mite
Resistant to
Dry Soil; Urban Conditions; Wind

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.