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Clary Sage

Salvia sclarea (SAL-vee-ah sklah-RAY-ah)

Family: Lamiaceae Non-native Herbaceous (3-15 ft)

Clary sage is a biennial or short-lived herbaceous perennial in the mint family (Lamiaceae) native to the Mediterranean region of southern Europe and central Asia. The epithet is from clara , the Latin for “clear.” The mucilaginous nutlets were used to clear foreign objects from eyes. The nutlets were placed in the eye, whereupon they produced a mucilage that entrapped the grit and other material, after which the nutlets were easily removed. The common name, clary, is said to be a corruption of “clear eye.” This easy-to-grow plant reaches 2 to 5 feet tall and 2 to 3 feet wide. Plant in average, well-drained soils in full sun. Clary sage does well in light, gravelly, dry or sandy soils. Wet soil in winter should be avoided. It is drought-tolerant. Rich, excessively fertilized soils produce tall plants with few flowers. Propagate clary sage by seeds (nutlets), which, as with many sage species, produce mucilage when exposed to water (cf. chia, Salvia hispanica ). The fragrant leaves of clary sage are much used in perfumery and as a flavoring in wines and liqueurs. The flowers are fragrant, showy white-lavender-pink blooms that appear from June to August. As flowers fade, cut stalks back to near the ground to encourage a second flush of growth and flowering. Clary sage is resistant to browsing by deer and rabbits and quite drought tolerant. Use clary sage in herb, butterfly and pollinator gardens. It is also good planted as a border or in small groups in a naturalized area. It is an old-fashioned stalwart of cottage gardens. Insect, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: No significant problems. VIDEO Created by Elisabeth Meyer for "Annuals, Perennials, Vines, and Groundcovers," a plant identification course developed in partnership with Longwood Gardens. More information on Salvia .

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 64 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 4 - Herbaceous (3-15 ft) Optimal soil pH Alkaline (>8.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Fills a similar niche Hylotelephium spectabile 'Autumn Joy' Thymus vulgaris Viola pedata
Native alternatives Salvia lyrata

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Edible; Herb; Herbaceous Perennial
Life cycle
Biennial; Perennial
USDA zones
5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b
Light
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Soil texture
High Organic Matter; Loam (Silt); Sand; Shallow Rocky
Soil pH
Alkaline (>8.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Soil drainage
Good Drainage | Occasionally Dry | Very Dry
Available space
12 inches-3 feet
NC region
Coastal; Mountains; Piedmont
Mature size
Height: 2 ft. 0 in. - 5 ft. 0 in. | Width: 2 ft. 0 in. - 3 ft. 0 in.
Growth rate
Medium
Maintenance
Medium
Canopy layer
4 - Herbaceous (3-15 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Clumping; Erect; Mounding; Multi-stemmed
Leaf color
Gray/Silver; Green
Leaf type
Simple
Leaf arrangement
Whorled
Leaf shape
Ovate
Leaf margin
Dentate
Leaf feel
Soft; Velvety
Leaf value
Fragrant
Leaf size
> 6 inches long, 3-6 inches wide
Hairs present
Yes
Leaf detail
Basal rosette of fragrant grey-green wrinkled leaves
Flower color
Cream/Tan; Pink; Purple/Lavender; White
Flower value
Fragrant; Long-lasting; Showy
Flower form
Panicle
Flower shape
Lipped; Tubular
Flower size
< 1 inch
Flower detail
The inflorescence consists of whorls of 4 to 6 flowers in upright panicles held above the foliage. Two-lipped white to lavender flowers surrounded by mauve-pink bracts.
Bloom time
Spring; Summer
Fruit color
Brown/Copper; Cream/Tan
Fruit type
Schizocarp
Fruit size
< 1 inch long, < 1 inch wide
Fruit detail
Schizocarp has 4 lobes and breaks apart to yeild 4 single-seeded nutlets.
Stem color
Green
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Non-native
Origin
Mediterranean region of southern Europe to Central Asia
Wildlife value
Flowers attract native bees and butterflies. This plant is resistant to damage by deer.
Attracts
Bees; Butterflies; Pollinators; Specialized Bees
Food & Medicine
Edible parts
Leaves
Harvest time
Summer
Fruit type
Schizocarp

Edibility

Leaves are delicious in omelets, fritters, and stews; flavoring of beers and wines; oil.

Uses (ethnobotany)

Seeds used to clear the sight and reduce inflammation of the eye. The plant has also been used for its antispasmodic, astringent, properties and to reduce flatulence.

Landscape Use
Landscape location
Naturalized Area
Landscape theme
Butterfly Garden; Cottage Garden; Edible Garden; Pollinator Garden
Design feature
Border; Small groups
Garden tags
#showy flowers #fragrant flowers #deer resistant #nectar plant #pollinator plant #rabbit resistant #lavender flowers #neutral pH #alkaline soils tolerant #self-seeding #well-drained soil #pink flowers #medicinal #Mediterranean #rocky soils tolerant #sandy soils tolerant #butterfly friendly #bee friendly #dry soils tolerant #drought tolerant #wet soils intolerant #wildlife friendly #border planting #herbaceous perennial #edible #small groups
Problems & Resistance
Disease problems
Southern Blight of Herbaceous Ornamentals
Resistant to
Deer; Drought; Dry Soil; Rabbits
Propagation
Seed

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.