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Carpenter's Square

Scrophularia marilandica (Skroff-you-LAR-ee-ah mar-ree-LAN-dee-kah)

Family: Scrophulariaceae Native Shrub (3-15 ft)

Late figwort is a native plant in the figwort (Scrophulariaceae) family and is native to QC west to MN, south to FL and west to TX. It is found in the mountains of NC growing along moist to dry fertile forests and streams. It will grow 5-10 feet tall and 3-6 feet wide. The genus name is in reference to a one-time use of some genus plants in the treatment of scrofula. The specific epithet, marilandica, means "of Maryland." The unusual flowers appear from late summer to fall and produce an abundance of nectar that attracts bees, wasps, flies, butterflies and hummingbirds. Its nectar is quick to replenish and beekeepers have used the plant to make good-quality honey in the past. The large leaves are on a square many-branched stem. This plant prefers partial shade but will also tolerate full sun. It does best in fertile moist sandy loam but is adaptable if the soil is well-drained. Although the flowers are not large and showy, late figwort will make a great addition to the native pollinator garden. It will also do well along the margins of streams ponds and woodlands. Propagates easily from seeds and also has short tuberous rhizomes that can be divided. Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: No serious insect or disease problems. Can be susceptible to damage from leaf spot and downy mildew. Potential insect pests include caterpillars, slugs and weevils.

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 59 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 3 - Shrub (3-15 ft)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Herbaceous Perennial; Native Plant; Shrub; Wildflower
Life cycle
Perennial
USDA zones
4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b
Light
Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day) | Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
High Organic Matter; Loam (Silt); Sand
Soil drainage
Good Drainage | Moist | Occasionally Dry
Available space
3 feet-6 feet
NC region
Coastal; Mountains; Piedmont
Mature size
Height: 4 ft. 0 in. - 10 ft. 0 in. | Width: 3 ft. 0 in. - 6 ft. 0 in.
Growth rate
Medium
Maintenance
Low
Canopy layer
3 - Shrub (3-15 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Erect; Multi-stemmed
Texture
Medium
Leaf arrangement
Opposite
Leaf shape
Lanceolate; Ovate
Leaf margin
Serrate
Leaf feel
Smooth
Leaf size
3-6 inches long, 1-3 inches wide
Hairs present
Yes
Leaf detail
Large dull green leaves are ovate to lanceolate in shape with serrated margins and 4-7 inches long and 3 inches wide. A few hairs are present along the veins on the underside
Flower color
Brown/Copper; Purple/Lavender; Red/Burgundy
Flower value
Fragrant
Flower form
Panicle
Flower shape
Lipped; Urn
Flower size
< 1 inch
Flower detail
Loose panicles up to 12 inches tall of small urn-shaped 2-lipped flowers appear in July through September. The inside of the flower is a reddish brown while the exterior is green to purplish. Individual flowers are 1/3 inch long.
Bloom time
Fall; Summer
Fruit color
Brown/Copper; Green
Fruit type
Capsule
Fruit size
< 1 inch long, < 1 inch wide
Fruit detail
Small teardrop-shaped capsule with many small seeds that splits in 2 sections when mature
Stem color
Brown/Copper; Green
Stem detail
Grooved, square, many-branched green stems are covered in dark-tipped glandular hairs. May become woody at the base by fall.
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Native
Origin
Eastern and Central USA and Ontario, Canada
Distribution
AL, AR, CT, DC, DE, F , GA, IA, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, MA, MD, ME, MI, MN, MO, MS, NC, NE, NH, NJ, NY, OH, OK, PA, RI, SC, SD, TN, TX, VA, VT, WI, WV Canada: ON
Wildlife value
Attracts bees, wasps, butterflies and hummingbirds to the flowers
Attracts
Bees; Butterflies; Hummingbirds; Predatory Insects
Play value
Attracts Pollinators; Wildlife Food Source
Food & Medicine
Harvest time
Fall
Fruit type
Capsule

Uses (ethnobotany)

Has been used in herbal medicine

Landscape Use
Landscape location
Naturalized Area; Pond; Riparian; Woodland
Landscape theme
Native Garden; Pollinator Garden
Design feature
Border; Small groups
Garden tags
#native wildflower #herbaceous perennial #NC Native Pollinator Plant #NC native #bumblebee friendly #hummingbird friendly #bee friendly #beneficial insects
Problems & Resistance
Propagation
Root Cutting; Seed

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.