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Hoary Skullcap

Scutellaria (skoot-ul-AIR-ee-uh)

Family: Lamiaceae Native Herbaceous (3-15 ft)

Skullcaps are a genus of flowering plants in the mint family that is found in temperate areas worldwide. They can be annuals, perennials or aquatic plants. They grow 4 to 40 inches tall, have 4 angled stems and 2 lipped flowers with a shield on the calyx giving them the common name of skullcap. Most are deer and rabbit resistant as the leaves are bitter tasting. The genus name comes from the Latin word scutella meaning a small dish or saucer. The plant spreads by rhizomes and seeds. Popular varieties for the gardener prefer full to part sun, fertile moist soil and do well along ponds and marshy areas. However, there are varieties such as S. incana that do well in drier sites and are drought-tolerant once established. Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: No significant problems. Aphids, powdery mildew and leaf spot may occur

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 51 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 4 - Herbaceous (3-15 ft)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Fills a similar niche Monarda didyma Viola pedata Viola sororia

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Annual; Herbaceous Perennial; Native Plant; Wildflower
Life cycle
Perennial
USDA zones
3a, 3b, 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b
Light
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
Clay; High Organic Matter; Loam (Silt); Sand
Soil drainage
Good Drainage | Moist
Available space
12 inches-3 feet
NC region
Coastal; Mountains; Piedmont
Mature size
Height: 0 ft. 4 in. - 4 ft. 0 in. | Width: 1 ft. 0 in. - 2 ft. 0 in.
Growth rate
Medium
Maintenance
Low
Canopy layer
4 - Herbaceous (3-15 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Clumping; Erect
Texture
Medium
Leaf color
Green
Leaf type
Simple
Leaf arrangement
Opposite
Leaf shape
Cordate; Lanceolate
Leaf margin
Serrate
Leaf size
3-6 inches long, 1-3 inches wide
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
Paired leaves vary in size and shape depending on the species. Many have serrated margins and are up to 3 inches long and 1-2 inches wide.
Flower color
Blue; Purple/Lavender; Red/Burgundy
Flower value
Showy
Flower form
Raceme; Spike
Flower shape
Lipped
Flower size
< 1 inch
Flower detail
Two-lipped flowers with a shield on the calyx. Vary in size and color depending on the species
Bloom time
Summer
Fruit color
Brown/Copper
Fruit type
Capsule
Fruit detail
2-part capsule that is joined at the base and contains nutlets
Stem color
Green
Stem detail
Square green stems with a few hairs
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Native
Origin
North America, Eurasia
Food & Medicine
Harvest time
Fall; Summer
Fruit type
Capsule

Uses (ethnobotany)

Used in herbal and Chinese medicine

Landscape Use
Landscape location
Coastal; Meadow; Naturalized Area; Pond; Woodland
Landscape theme
Cottage Garden; Cutting Garden; English Garden; Native Garden; Pollinator Garden; Rain Garden
Design feature
Border; Small groups
Garden tags
#rabbit resistant #red flowers #pond margins #native wildflower #moist soil #naturalized area #sun #blue flowers #purple flowers #deer resistant #NC native #NC Native Pollinator Plant #wildflower
Problems & Resistance
Propagation
Division; Seed

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.