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Silver Buffaloberry

Shepherdia argentea (shep-HER-dee-uh ar-JEN-tee-uh)

Family: Elaeagnaceae Native Shrub (3-15 ft)

Silver Buffaloberry is a thorny deciduous shrub in the Oleaster family. It will form thickets along moist areas such as river banks and lakes. Male and female flowers are produced on separate plants and both are required for fruit formation. Although the common name suggests that it is a berry-producing plant, the fruits are stone fruit. Stone fruits have flesh or pulp surrounding a stone, similar to a peach or plum. The plant usually grows up to 12 feet tall and wide but can grow taller and more tree-like. The stems and leaves are silvery in color and the bark is exfoliating with long spines up to 2 inches long. The small yellow flowers appear in spring and the red fruit is about 1/4 to 1/3 inch in size on pollinated female plants in fall. The fruits are enjoyed by birds and are also fit for human consumption. They can be eaten raw but are sour or used to make jams, jellies and pies. This plant will grow in a variety of conditions. In the midwest, it is usually along waterways or wet meadows but further west it is found growing in drier conditions and gravelly soils. It prefers full sun but tolerates light shade and is easy to grow in average garden soil. Because it fixes nitrogen, it can tolerate poor soils. Use this plant in a mixed shrub border or as a hedge. Insects, Diseases and Other Plant Problems: Deer may eat and damage the branches and leaves. Although there are no serious insect or disease issues, powdery mildew, rust and leaf spot are minor problems.

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 60 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 3 - Shrub (3-15 ft) Optimal soil pH Alkaline (>8.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Fills a similar niche Elaeagnus umbellata Nerium oleander Syringa pubescens subsp. pubescens

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Shrub
Life cycle
Woody
USDA zones
3a, 3b, 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b
Light
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
Clay; Loam (Silt); Sand; Shallow Rocky
Soil pH
Alkaline (>8.0)
Soil drainage
Good Drainage | Occasionally Dry | Occasionally Wet
Available space
6-feet-12 feet; 12-24 feet
NC region
Mountains; Piedmont
Mature size
Height: 8 ft. 0 in. - 12 ft. 0 in. | Width: 8 ft. 0 in. - 12 ft. 0 in.
Growth rate
Medium
Maintenance
Low
Canopy layer
3 - Shrub (3-15 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Ascending; Erect; Spreading
Texture
Coarse
Foliage
Deciduous
Leaf color
Gray/Silver
Leaf arrangement
Opposite
Leaf shape
Elliptical; Oblong
Leaf margin
Entire
Leaf size
1-3 inches long, < 1 inch wide
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
The 1-2" leaves have silver scales on both sides and are densely packed on the stems. The tip is rounded and the base is acute or wedge-shaped.
Flower color
Gold/Yellow
Flower shape
Tubular
Flower detail
Yellowish small tubular female flowers with petal-like sepals in spring before the leaves. Male flowers are in axillary spikes
Bloom time
Spring
Fruit color
Red/Burgundy
Fruit type
Drupe
Fruit value
Edible
Fruit size
< 1 inch long, < 1 inch wide
Fruit detail
1/4-1/3 inch bright-red fruits with a single seed inside form on the female plant in fall.
Bark color
Dark Brown; Dark Gray
Bark detail
Exfoliating thin bark is grayish brown, rough and peeling on the lower trunk.
Stem color
Brown/Copper; Gray/Silver
Stem detail
Twigs have silvery scales that shed the second season with thorns at the tips
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Native
Origin
Western and midwest US and Canada
Distribution
AZ , CA , CO , IA , ID , KS , MI , MN , MT , ND , NE , NM , NV , NY , OR , SD , UT , WI , WY Canada: AB , MB , SK
Wildlife value
Birds eat the fruits.
Attracts
Bees; Small Mammals; Songbirds
Play value
Attracts Pollinators; Screening; Wildlife Food Source
Food & Medicine
Edible parts
Fruit
Harvest time
Fall
Fruit type
Drupe

Edibility

The fruits are edible, however, they may be sour when eaten raw. Used best for jams, jellies and pies

Landscape Use
Landscape location
Naturalized Area
Landscape theme
Edible Garden
Design feature
Barrier; Border; Hedge
Garden tags
#deciduous #erosion control #drought tolerant #shrub #wind tolerant #salt spray tolerant #hedge #thorns #edible fruits #red fruits #poor soil tolerant
Problems & Resistance
Other problems
White-Tailed Deer
Resistant to
Drought; Poor Soil

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.