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Persian Lilac

Syringa (si-RING-gah PER-si-ka)

Family: Oleaceae Unknown Shrub (3-15 ft)

Persian lilac is a deciduous, perennial shrub or small tree in the olive family (Oleaceae) native across a broad region from Afghanistan to northern China. Persian lilac was once thought to be a hybrid between S. afghanica and S. laciniata , but both of these species are now treated as synonyms of S. persica . The species epithet is Latin for Persia, the country now known as Iran. Ironically, the species does not naturally occur in Iran. It performs best in organically rich, moist, neutral to slightly alkaline soils with good drainage and good air circulation. It should be planted in full sun and well-drained soil as it cannot tolerate soggy, wet conditions. It can be propagated by softwood cuttings. Persian lilac has an upright or globose form with slightly arching branches. It is a low-maintenance shrub that is smaller and more heat tolerant than common lilac ( S. vulgaris ) . In the spring it has enchanting pale violet flowers with an intoxicating fragrance that attracts butterflies. Effective as a specimen plant or in a group, Persian lilac makes a great informal hedge or screen. Plant along property lines or in a cottage garden. Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: Insect pests include scales, borers, leaf miners, and caterpillars. Very susceptible to powdery mildew so prune to keep the center open and air flowing. Additional disease problems include blights, leaf spots, wilt, and ringspot virus.

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 58 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 3 - Shrub (3-15 ft) Optimal soil pH Neutral (6.0-8.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Often confused with Syringa oblata Syringa vulgaris Syringa x hyacinthiflora
Fills a similar niche Salvia rosmarinus Syringa pubescens subsp. patula Syringa pubescens subsp. pubescens
Native alternatives Clethra alnifolia Kalmia latifolia Vaccinium corymbosum
Similar, less problematic Rhus aromatica

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Shrub
Life cycle
Woody
USDA zones
4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b
Light
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
High Organic Matter; Loam (Silt)
Soil pH
Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Soil drainage
Good Drainage | Moist
Available space
3 feet-6 feet; 6-feet-12 feet
NC region
Mountains; Piedmont
Mature size
Height: 4 ft. 0 in. - 8 ft. 0 in. | Width: 5 ft. 0 in. - 10 ft. 0 in.
Growth rate
Medium
Maintenance
Low
Canopy layer
3 - Shrub (3-15 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Arching; Dense; Erect
Texture
Medium
Foliage
Deciduous
Leaf color
Green
Leaf type
Compound (Pinnately , Bipinnately, Palmately); Simple
Leaf arrangement
Opposite
Leaf shape
Lanceolate
Leaf margin
Entire
Leaf size
1-3 inches long, 1-3 inches wide
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
1 to 2.5 inches long, half as wide, dark green leaves, occasionally pinnatifid or 3-lobed
Fall color
Insignificant
Flower color
Pink; Purple/Lavender; White
Flower value
Fragrant; Good Cut; Showy
Flower form
Panicle; Raceme
Flower shape
Cross
Flower size
< 1 inch
Flower detail
2-3" panicles on previous season's growth.
Bloom time
Spring
Fruit color
Brown/Copper
Fruit type
Capsule
Stem color
Cream/Tan
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Unknown
Wildlife value
Attracts butterflies and hummingbirds
Attracts
Butterflies; Hummingbirds; Pollinators
Play value
Attractive Flowers; Attracts Pollinators; Colorful; Fragrance
Food & Medicine
Harvest time
Fall
Fruit type
Capsule
Landscape Use
Landscape location
Recreational Play Area; Walkways; Woodland
Landscape theme
Butterfly Garden; Children's Garden; Cottage Garden; Cutting Garden
Design feature
Border; Hedge; Mass Planting; Screen/Privacy; Small groups; Specimen
Garden tags
#heat tolerant #showy flowers #deciduous #low maintenance #specimen #deer resistant #nectar plant #cottage garden #pollinator plant #children's garden #fragrant flowers #urban conditions tolerant #purple flowers #upright form #moist soil #cutting garden #hummingbird friendly #shrub #arching #well-drained soil #alkaline soils tolerant #butterfly friendly #full sun tolerant #border planting #rich soils #playground plant #partial shade tolerant #hedge #wildlife friendly #hortcontest #compact
Problems & Resistance
Insect problems
Lilac Borer \ Ash Clearwing Borer; Pests of Lilac; Caterpillars Found on Flowers and Foliage
Problems
Frequent Disease Problems
Resistant to
Deer; Heat; Urban Conditions
Propagation
Stem Cutting

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.