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Dancing Lady Orchid

Tolumnia (toh-LUM-nee-a)

Family: Orchidaceae Unknown Groundcover (<1 ft)

Tolumnia is a genus of 27 species of tropical, epiphytic herbaceous perennials in the orchid family (Orchidaceae). They are native to Mexico, Central America, northern South America, and islands in the Caribbean. One species, Tolumnia bahamensis , has a foothold in the US, in Florida. The genus name is probably derived from Tolumnius, a character mentioned by Virgil. In nature, these miniature plants are twig epiphytes, growing in exposed conditions on the twigs of shrubs and trees. Mimic these conditions by mounting the plants on small bark mounts or growing them in restrictive, small, terracotta pots. Dancing lady orchids need bright light (a south-facing window is ideal), warm temperatures and regular watering throughout the year. The roots of dancing lady orchids need frequent watering, but they must dry out quickly. They should not be allowed to stay dry for too long, as they need rapid wet/dry cycles. These species were formerly included in the genus Oncidium as the “equitant oncidiums.” The term equitant refers to the way the fan of sheathing leaves “ride” one another (like an equestrian straddling a horse). Many irises have a similar growth form. The plants have a fan of leaves and produce new plants as offshoots on short rhizomes. The inflorescences arise in the axils of the leaves. They produce sprays of elaborately marked and patterned flowers. The dorsal sepal and petals are free and narrow. The lip is very large and semicircular, obscuring the lateral sepals. The lip is like the skirt of a dress and the callus on the lip is like a bodice. Consequently, these orchids (and many Oncidium species) are called dancing lady orchids. Flowers come in shades of yellow, orange, red, or white, with contrasting markings. Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: Dancing lady orchids are susceptible to the usual pests of houseplants and greenhouse plants, including mealybugs, scale insects and thrips. Roots can rot if the growing medium does not dry out rapidly.

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 40 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 5 - Groundcover (<1 ft)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Epiphyte; Herbaceous Perennial; Houseplant
Life cycle
Perennial
USDA zones
10a, 10b
Light
Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
Sand
Soil drainage
Good Drainage | Occasionally Dry
Mature size
Height: 0 ft. 3 in. - 0 ft. 8 in. | Width: 0 ft. 2 in. - 0 ft. 6 in.
Growth rate
Medium
Maintenance
Medium
Canopy layer
5 - Groundcover (<1 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Ascending
Leaf color
Green
Leaf type
Sheath
Leaf arrangement
Alternate
Leaf shape
Lanceolate
Leaf margin
Serrate
Leaf feel
Leathery
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
Leaves are simple, alternate, have serrated margins with 4-8 leathery leaves in a fan shape. They are lanceolate with acute tips.
Flower color
Brown/Copper; Gold/Yellow; White
Flower value
Showy
Flower form
Raceme
Flower size
< 1 inch
Flower detail
1/2 inch flowers in Spring. Up to 50 flowers per raceme. Lower lip is flared (like a skirt) and variously colored, banded and spotted. In nature the flowers are pollinated by specialized, oil-collecting bees.
Bloom time
Spring
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Unknown
Origin
Mexico, C. America, northern S. America, Caribbean, Florida
Distribution
cultivated worldwide
Wildlife value
Flowers are pollinated by Centris errans bees.
Landscape Use
Landscape location
Container; Hanging Baskets; Houseplants
Design feature
Specimen
Garden tags
#orchid #epiphytic #specialized bees #showy flowers #partial shade tolerant #dappled shade #spring flowers
Problems & Resistance
Insect problems
Greenhouse Thrips; Boisduval Scale; Hemispherical Scale
Other problems
False Spider Mites
Resistant to
Drought; Humidity

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.