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Confusing Trillium

Trillium simile (TRIL-ee-um SIM-il-ee)

Family: Melanthiaceae Native Herbaceous (1-3 ft)

Jeweled Wakerobin is a spring-flowering, herbaceous perennial wildflower in the trillium family (Melanthiaceae). It is found in the Appalachian mountains of the southeastern U.S., including NC, where it is a NC Threatened species. The species epithet means “similar.” When the species was first described in 1906 it was said to be similar to another southeastern U.S. species, Trillum rugelii . This species grows best in shady sites in moist, humus-rich soil. They usually go dormant by mid-summer. Avoid overwatering in the summer. Flowers are usually fragrant, white to slightly pink-tinged and bloom in spring. Jeweled wakerobin is a larval host plant for the black-patched clepsis moth ( Clepsis melaleucanus ) and American angle shades moth ( Euplexia benesimilis ) . Small mammals and ants enjoy the seeds and berries as a food source. The jeweled wakerobin can be used in native plant, shade or pollinator gardens. The plant spreads slowly by rhizomes and will form colonies if left undisturbed. Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: No serious problems. Slugs and snails are occasional pests and leaf spot, rust and smut are occasional disease problems. It does not transplant well. More information on Trillium .

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 62 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 4 - Herbaceous (1-3 ft) Optimal soil pH Acid (<6.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Often confused with Trillium erectum Trillium sulcatum

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Herbaceous Perennial; Native Plant; Wildflower
Life cycle
Perennial
USDA zones
5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b
Light
Deep shade (Less than 2 hours to no direct sunlight) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
High Organic Matter
Soil pH
Acid (<6.0)
Soil drainage
Good Drainage | Occasionally Dry
NC region
Mountains
Mature size
Height: 1 ft. 0 in. - 1 ft. 6 in. | Width: 0 ft. 6 in. - 1 ft. 0 in.
Growth rate
Slow
Maintenance
Medium
Canopy layer
4 - Herbaceous (1-3 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Clumping; Erect; Spreading
Texture
Medium
Leaf color
Green
Leaf type
Simple
Leaf arrangement
Whorled
Leaf shape
Lanceolate; Ovate
Leaf margin
Entire
Leaf size
3-6 inches long, 1-3 inches wide
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
3 large green bracts occur in a whorl and often overlap.
Flower color
Pink; White
Flower value
Fragrant; Showy
Flower form
Solitary
Flower shape
Cup; Saucer
Flower size
1-3 inches
Flower detail
Flowers have 3 white petals with a purple ovary. In North Carolina, the blooms are available from March to May. The flower smells of green apples.
Bloom time
Spring
Fruit color
Black; Purple/Lavender
Fruit type
Berry; Capsule
Fruit size
< 1 inch long, < 1 inch wide
Fruit detail
6- parted berry-like capsule with seeds dispersed by ants. In North Carolina, the purple-black fruits are available from June to July.
Stem color
Green; Purple/Lavender; Red/Burgundy
Stem detail
Round green to reddish-purple stem
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Native
Origin
Southeastern U.S.A.
Distribution
TN, GA, NC, SC
Wildlife value
Host plant for larvae of black-patched clepsis moth (Clepsis melaleucanus) and American angle shades moth (Euplexia benesimilis). Small mammals and ants enjoy the seeds and berries as a food source.
Attracts
Bees; Moths; Pollinators; Small Mammals
Play value
Attractive Flowers; Attracts Pollinators; Fragrance; Wildlife Food Source; Wildlife Larval Host
Food & Medicine
Harvest time
Summer
Fruit type
Berry; Capsule

Uses (ethnobotany)

Trilliums have been used in herbal medicine

Landscape Use
Landscape location
Naturalized Area; Woodland
Landscape theme
Native Garden; Pollinator Garden; Shade Garden
Design feature
Mass Planting; Small groups
Garden tags
#showy flowers #pink flowers #NC native #native wildflower #pollinator plant #food source herbage #food source nectar #forb #food source pollen #bee friendly #food source soft mast fruit #perennial flowers #shade garden #small and large mammals #partial shade tolerant #mountains #larval host plant #fruits summer #spring interest #food source summer #rich soils #pink #well-drained soil #moth caterpillar host #summer interest #white flowers #native garden #ants #shade flowers #fragrant flowers #moist soil #native perennial #spring flowers #Audubon #heavy shade tolerant #small spaces #wildlife friendly #NC Native Pollinator Plant
Problems & Resistance
Other problems
White-Tailed Deer
Propagation
Division; Seed

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.