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Bog White Viola

Viola lanceolata (vy-OH-la lan-see-oh-LAY-tuh)

Family: Violaceae Native Groundcover (<1 ft)

Lanceleaf violet is an herbaceous perennial wildflower native to much of eastern and midwestern North America, including the Coastal Plain of North Carolina, where it is found in bogs, swamps, wet meadows, seepage slopes and other wet locations. It is a member of the violet family (Violaceae). The species epithet is a Latin descriptor of the leaf shape, meaning “lance-shaped.” Lanceleaf violet prefers humus-rich, acidic soil with abundant and continuous moisture. It needs low to medium light levels, i.e. deep shade to dappled sunlight, and is completely hardy in North Carolina. This species of violet is easily distinguished from others by its long leaves, which can reach lengths of up to 6 inches. There are typically 2 to 6 leaves per plant. The upper blade is medium green and more-or-less hairless. The lower is pale green and may be sparsely haired. Individual plants can be connected by stolons which may form small colonies. The dainty white flowers bloom for around 3 weeks in late spring into early summer above a basal rosette of lance-shaped leaves. The beardless, five-petaled flowers are slightly irregular. The petals are white and pale yellow at the base. The two side petals are smooth with veins that may be barely visible, while the lower petal has many reddish-purple lines, which are nectar guides for pollinators. In the later part of the summer, inconspicuous, cleistogamous (self-fertile, non-opening) flowers are produced. Fruits are light green, ellipsoid to oblongoid capsules, which split into 3 parts, each containing small dark brown seeds. The lanceleaf violet is a good choice for shade, native, butterfly or pollinator gardens. It is also a good choice for a rain garden. It can be used as a groundcover or border. Insects, Diseases and Other Problems : No serious insect or disease issues. More information on Viola .

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 61 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 5 - Groundcover (<1 ft) Optimal soil pH Acid (<6.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Herbaceous Perennial; Native Plant; Wildflower
Life cycle
Perennial
USDA zones
6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b
Light
Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day) | Deep shade (Less than 2 hours to no direct sunlight) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
High Organic Matter
Soil pH
Acid (<6.0)
Soil drainage
Frequent Standing Water | Moist | Occasionally Wet
Available space
Less than 12 inches
NC region
Coastal; Piedmont
Mature size
Height: 0 ft. 2 in. - 0 ft. 6 in. | Width: 0 ft. 2 in. - 0 ft. 6 in.
Growth rate
Medium
Maintenance
Low
Canopy layer
5 - Groundcover (<1 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Erect
Texture
Medium
Foliage
Deciduous
Leaf color
Gray/Silver; Green
Leaf type
Simple
Leaf arrangement
Rosulate
Leaf shape
Elliptical; Lanceolate
Leaf margin
Crenate; Serrate
Leaf size
3-6 inches long, < 1 inch wide
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
Forms lance-shaped basal leaves which are nearly erect and 2-6" long and ¼-¾" across.
Flower color
Purple/Lavender; White
Flower value
Fragrant
Flower form
Head; Solitary
Flower shape
Radial
Flower size
< 1 inch
Flower detail
1/2-3/4 inch white flowers with purple veins on the lower petal. Solitary flowers form on green to reddish-purple pedicels and may be nodding.
Bloom time
Spring; Summer
Fruit color
Green
Fruit type
Capsule
Fruit size
< 1 inch long, < 1 inch wide
Fruit detail
Light green oblong seed capsules are about 1/3" long. It splits open into 3 parts, ejecting the small dark brown seeds.
Stem color
Red/Burgundy
Stem detail
The leaf and flowers stems are reddish and smooth.
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Native
Origin
North America except the western plains
Distribution
AL , AR , CA , CT , DC , DE , FL , GA , IA , IL , IN , KY , LA , MA , MD , ME , MI , MN , MO , MS , NC , NE , NH , NJ , NY , OH , OK , OR , PA , RI , SC , TN , TX , VA , VT , WA , WI , WV
Wildlife value
This plant supports Fritillary butterfly larvae. Nectar from the flowers attract butterflies and bees. Members of the genus Viola support the following specialized bees: Andrena (Gonandrena) fragilis, Andrena (Gonandrena) integra, and Andrena (Gonandrena) platyparia. This plant is resistant to damage by deer.
Attracts
Butterflies; Pollinators; Specialized Bees
Play value
Attracts Pollinators
Food & Medicine
Harvest time
Summer
Fruit type
Capsule
Landscape Use
Landscape location
Naturalized Area; Pond; Woodland
Landscape theme
Butterfly Garden; Native Garden; Pollinator Garden; Rain Garden
Design feature
Border; Mass Planting
Garden tags
#specialized bees #nectar plant #pond margins #native wildflower #white flowers #summer flowers #spring flowers #pollinator plant #butterfly friendly #poor drainage tolerant #drought intolerant #salt spray intolerant #herbaceous perennial #herbaceous #fritillary butterflies #larval host plant #partial shade tolerant #bee friendly #wet soils tolerant #salt intolerant #shade garden #boggy sites #wildlife friendly #NC native #NC Native Pollinator Plant #wetland
Problems & Resistance
Disease problems
Southern Blight of Herbaceous Ornamentals
Resistant to
Wet Soil
Propagation
Division; Seed

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.