Athyrium
Athyrium (a-THEE-ree-um)
Athyrium or Lady ferns is a genus of about 200 fern species found mostly in moist forest and woodland settings in both temperate and tropical areas. The plants are members of the Aspleniaceae family. The Greek derivation of the scientific name is athyros means doorless, which refers to the slowly opening hinged indusia (a membrane on ferns that opens to release spores). The common name lady fern refers to the delicate lacy-cut fronds. Lady ferns do well in humusy, organically rich, medium moisture, well-drained soil in part shade to full shade. They will appreciate a sheltered locations in light shade to prevent a bleaching by the sun of the attractive frond colors. Some species tolerate soil dryness more than others, but soils must not be allowed to dry out. These ferns are relatively low-maintenance. The most commonly cultivated native species in North Carolina is the southern lady fern ( Athyrium asplenoides) . This fern is found in all 100 counties of NC with the exception of the barrier islands. Pinnule margins in this species vary from shallow to deeply toothed and often become double toothed toward the base of the pinnule. The foliage of lady ferns adds a unique lacy-texture and appearance of softness to the garden The native range of this genus is cosmopolitan. They may be used as specimens, groundcovers, accents or cover for wildlife. If planted near buildings, they will often do better on the north to east side. Quick ID Hints: Fronds: mostly deciduous, typically long thin textured, delicate, feathery, monomorphic, colors range from light green to silver, burgundy and deep red. Rachis: Stipes usually stout and succulent grooved in a “V” shape; green or straw colored and long Sori: sori central with half-moon to “J” shaped indusium opening along one side Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: No significant problems. Watch for occasional spider mites, scale insects, mealybugs and fungal diseases. Fronds can become tattered in appearance by mid summer.
Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 36 attributes.