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Consumptionweed

Baccharis halimifolia (BAK-ah-riss ha-lim-ih-FOH-lee-ah)

Family: Asteraceae Native Shrub (3-15 ft)

Silverling is a native shrub in the daisy family ( Asteraceae) found in mostly coastal areas of the eastern US, Canada and Mexico. It is commonly found in salt marshes, sandy locations, wet disturbed sites, near a road or in fields. The genus Baccharis is named after the god of wine, and the species epithet is Latin and means "having leaves like Halimium ." Halimium is a synonym for the genus Cistus , which has resinous leaves, as does silvering. This plant is commonly seen as a multi-trunked plant with an irregular, open, airy habit that can become leggy. It will grow 5 to 12 feet tall with a 4 to 7-foot spread. As a seedling, silverling resembles lambsquarters ( Chenopodium album ) . Plant in full sun to partial shade in a range of soil types, including infertile and wet sites. It is heat-, drought- and salt water-tolerant. Silverling can be an aggressive spreader and is considered weedy, especially in agricultural areas. Plants are covered with white to cream-colored flower heads in fall and winter. The showy seedheads that follow are frilly, white and dispersed by the wind on female plants. Silverling is dioecious, meaning a male and female plant is needed for fruit set. Hand weeding is the best way to control the spread of seedlings. Herbicides are not very effective. This shrub can be used in rain gardens, bog gardens, along ditches, ponds and streams or in naturalized areas. Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: No significant problems. Weak wood is easily broken. Toxic to cattle if eaten in large quantities.

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 63 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 3 - Shrub (3-15 ft) Optimal soil pH Acid (<6.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Often confused with Chenopodium album
Fills a similar niche Acer saccharinum Ampelaster carolinianus Quercus nigra

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Native Plant; Perennial; Shrub; Weed
Life cycle
Perennial; Woody
USDA zones
5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b
Light
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
Clay; Loam (Silt); Sand; Shallow Rocky
Soil pH
Acid (<6.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Soil drainage
Frequent Standing Water | Moist | Occasional Flooding | Occasionally Dry | Occasionally Wet
Available space
6-feet-12 feet
NC region
Coastal; Mountains; Piedmont
Mature size
Height: 5 ft. 0 in. - 12 ft. 0 in. | Width: 4 ft. 0 in. - 7 ft. 0 in.
Growth rate
Rapid
Maintenance
High
Canopy layer
3 - Shrub (3-15 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Erect; Multi-stemmed; Multi-trunked; Open
Texture
Medium
Foliage
Deciduous; Semi-evergreen
Leaf color
Gray/Silver; Green; White
Leaf type
Simple
Leaf arrangement
Alternate
Leaf shape
Elliptical; Obovate; Ovate; Rhomboidal
Leaf margin
Dentate; Serrate
Leaf feel
Smooth
Leaf size
1-3 inches long, < 1 inch wide
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
The thick foliage is covered with a white waxy layer, making it appear grey. Leaves are cuneate, alternate, simple, coarsely toothed, may be sessile, bright green to gray-green (and has a non-showy fall color), and are 1-3 inches long (and about 1/3 inches to just over 1 inch wide). This plant has basal leaves too that resemble the shape of a rhombus and are serrate.
Flower color
Cream/Tan; Green; White
Flower value
Fragrant
Flower form
Head
Flower shape
Tubular
Flower size
< 1 inch
Flower detail
White-green flowers in terminal clusters (about 3.5 inches across) with several, narrow, tubular, flowers per head that are 1/8" long and having green-tipped bracts. They bloom from August to October.
Bloom time
Fall; Summer
Fruit color
White
Fruit type
Achene
Fruit detail
The female plant is covered with cottony plume-like, pyramid-shaped achene that persists into early winter and is dispersed by wind. They resemble silver paintbrushes and are called pappi. Displays from September to November. Seeds are shed in late fall or winter, but the seeds of the female plant (this plant is dioecious) are poisonous. Wind dispersed seeds blow into landscapes during the winter months, making this a weedy plant.
Bark detail
Wood is brittle.
Stem color
Green; Red/Burgundy
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Native
Origin
Eastern and south central USA
Distribution
AL , AR , CT , DC , DE , FL , GA , LA , MA , MD , MS , NC , NJ , NY , OK , PA , RI , SC , TX , VA
Wildlife value
Nectar attracts pollinators and insects, provides cover, and seeds are enjoyed by birds.
Attracts
Bees; Butterflies; Songbirds
Play value
Attracts Pollinators
Food & Medicine
Harvest time
Fall
Fruit type
Achene
Landscape Use
Landscape location
Coastal; Pond; Riparian
Landscape theme
Native Garden; Rain Garden
Garden tags
#shade shrub #deciduous #drought tolerant #gray leaves #full sun tolerant #evergreen #white flowers #dioecious #fall interest #pollinator plant #wind dispersed seeds #salt spray tolerant #summer flowers #fall flowers #fast growing #Piedmont Mountains FACW #food source nectar #food source pollen #Coastal FAC #food source fall #wet soils tolerant #dry soils tolerant #Audubon #weak wood #food source hard mast fruit #partial shade tolerant #bird friendly #erosion control #aggressive #wildlife friendly #NC native #HS303 #illustration #problem for cattle #weedy #winter cover
Problems & Resistance
Problems
Weak Wood; Weedy
Resistant to
Erosion; Heat; Salt; Wet Soil
Particularly resistant to
Heat, drought, and soil compaction tolerant.
Propagation
Seed

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.