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Japanese barberry

Berberis thunbergii (BER-ber-is thun-BER-jee-eye at-ro-pur-PUR-ee-ah)

Family: Berberidaceae Unknown Shrub (3-15 ft)

Purple leaf barberry is a deciduous shrub cultivar of the invasive Japanese barberry, belonging to the Berberidaceae family, characterized by striking purple-burgundy foliage and red stems. This shrub is a rounded, dense shrub with numerous spiny branches and is easy to transplant. It grows 3 to 6 feet tall and 4 to 7 feet wide. Plant in the full sun to light shade, in average to dry well well-drained soils. It is tolerant to a wide range of soil types, including clay as long as they are well-drained. This shrub is resistant to browsing by deer, and is drought and air pollution-tolerant. It spreads by runners and seeds and can form dense thickets, outcompeting native plants. The yellow fragrant flowers are showy and delicate hanging down from the branches. Stand out red-orange leaves appear in the fall and showy red fruits last through the fall and winter months. The fruits are enjoyed by birds. This plant is considered invasive in North Carolina and other states. See native plant options to the left. Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: The spiny branches make it very difficult to prune. Anthracnose, root rot, bacterial leaf spot, wilt, scale, barberry webworm, and aphids are some problems that this plant may struggle with. VIDEO created by Andy Pulte for “Landscape Plant Identification, Taxonomy and Morphology” a plant identification course offered by the Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee. More information on Berberis thunbergii .

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 57 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 3 - Shrub (3-15 ft) Optimal soil pH Acid (<6.0); Alkaline (>8.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Often confused with Berberis thunbergii Berberis thunbergii Sunjoy® Group
Fills a similar niche Berberis thunbergii Berberis thunbergii 'Crimson Pygmy' Berberis verruculosa
Similar, less problematic Berberis thunbergii Sunjoy® Group Berberis thunbergii WorryFree® Group

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Perennial; Poisonous; Shrub
Life cycle
Woody
USDA zones
4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b
Light
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
Clay; High Organic Matter; Loam (Silt); Sand; Shallow Rocky
Soil pH
Acid (<6.0); Alkaline (>8.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Soil drainage
Good Drainage | Occasionally Dry
Available space
3 feet-6 feet
Mature size
Height: 3 ft. 0 in. - 6 ft. 0 in. | Width: 4 ft. 0 in. - 7 ft. 0 in.
Maintenance
High
Canopy layer
3 - Shrub (3-15 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Arching; Dense; Rounded
Texture
Fine
Foliage
Deciduous
Leaf color
Gold/Yellow; Green; Purple/Lavender; Red/Burgundy
Leaf type
Simple
Leaf arrangement
Alternate
Leaf size
1-3 inches long
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
This plant has alternate, simple, reddish to purplish leaves (best color in full sun). They are .5 to 1.3 in.-long and narrow at the base. Leaves are borne in clusters.
Fall color
Gold/Yellow; Orange; Red/Burgundy
Flower color
Gold/Yellow; Purple/Lavender
Flower value
Fragrant
Flower size
< 1 inch
Flower detail
This plant has small, yellow fragrant flowers tinged with purple in mid to late spring.
Bloom time
Spring
Fruit color
Red/Burgundy
Fruit type
Berry
Fruit size
< 1 inch long, < 1 inch wide
Fruit detail
This plant has .3-in., bright red fruit in fall and winter.
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Unknown
Wildlife value
Birds are attracted to the fruits.
Attracts
Songbirds
Food & Medicine
Harvest time
Fall; Winter
Fruit type
Berry
Landscape Use
Garden tags
#red leaves #deciduous #yellow flowers #drought tolerant #full sun tolerant #purple leaves #specimen #security plant #deer browsing plant #shrub #winter interest #urban conditions tolerant #thorns #spines #aggressive #high maintenance #partial shade tolerant #flowers late spring #air pollution tolerant #dry soils tolerant #clay soils tolerant #red fruits #flowers mid-spring #barrier #bird friendly #fragrant flowers #winter fruits #fall color red #fall color orange #landscape plant sleuths course #hedge #accent #weedy #invasive #poisonous if ingested
Problems & Resistance
Insect problems
Fall Webworm; Aphids on Ornamental Landscape Plants; Armored Scale Identification and Management on Ornamental Plants; Soft Scale Identification and Management on Ornamental Plants; Twobanded Japanese Weevil; Indian Wax Scale Insect
Problems
Invasive Species; Poisonous to Humans; Problem for Children; Spines/Thorns; Weedy
Resistant to
Deer; Drought; Dry Soil; Pollution; Urban Conditions
Particularly resistant to
Drought tolerant; tolerates range of soil types; tolerates urban conditions; seldom damaged by deer
Propagation
Stem Cutting
Poison severity
Low
Poison parts
Bark; Leaves; Roots; Sap/Juice
Poison symptoms
Ingestion may cause minor illnesses such as vomiting or diarrhea.
Toxic principle
Berberine, a benzylisoquinoline alkaloid
Contact dermatitis
No
Toxicity summary
Low severity poison; parts: Bark; Leaves; Roots; Sap/Juice

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.