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Crossvine

Bignonia capreolata (big-NO-nee-uh kap-ree-oh-LAH-tah)

Family: Bignoniaceae Native Vine (vertical)

Cross-vine is a vigorous, perennial vine in the trumpetvine family (Bignoniaceae). This vine is native to the southeastern and south-central United States. A cross-section of its stem reveals the conducting wood forming a cross, hence the common name. The species epithet means “having tendrils.” Cross-vine tolerates a wide variety of conditions, including coastal conditions, but prefers organically rich, well-drained soil. It will grow well in shade to full sun, with better flower production the more sunlight it receives. In North Carolina, the vine is usually a dark, glossy green; however, in colder areas of its growing range, the leaves take on a reddish-purple color. In severe winters, the vine may die to the ground, but the roots are usually hardy enough to survive and will sprout new growth the following spring. Cross-vine may be propagated by root cutting or seed. In the wild, it is found climbing trees in swampy forests and woodlands. The vine blooms in late winter to early spring on new wood in clusters of two to five flowers. Its early bloom season provides a critical food for hummingbirds in the area. This vine would make a great addition to a colonial-style garden, native plant or pollinator garden. It is also suitable for a children’s garden. Several cultivars with improved color, such as 'Tangerine Beauty', are available. Fire Risk: This plant has a high flammability rating and should not be planted within the defensible space of your home. Select plants with a low flammability rating for the sites nearest your home. Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: There are no major pests of Cross-vine; however, the vine itself may become a problem. It spreads both by seed as well as by root suckers. To prevent the vine from spreading to areas where it is not wanted, pull up the root suckers as they are spotted. VIDEO Created by Elisabeth Meyer for "Annuals, Perennials, Vines, and Groundcovers," a plant identification course developed in partnership with Longwood Gardens.

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 67 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 6 - Vine (vertical) Optimal soil pH Neutral (6.0-8.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Native Plant; Perennial; Vine
Life cycle
Perennial; Woody
USDA zones
5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b
Light
Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day) | Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
High Organic Matter; Loam (Silt); Sand
Soil pH
Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Soil drainage
Good Drainage | Moist | Occasionally Dry | Occasionally Wet
Available space
12-24 feet; 24-60 feet; more than 60 feet
NC region
Coastal; Mountains; Piedmont
Mature size
Height: 30 ft. 0 in. - 50 ft. 0 in. | Width: 6 ft. 0 in. - 9 ft. 0 in.
Growth rate
Rapid
Maintenance
Medium
Canopy layer
6 - Vine (vertical)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Climbing; Spreading
Texture
Coarse
Foliage
Broadleaf Evergreen; Semi-evergreen
Leaf color
Green; Purple/Lavender
Leaf type
Compound (Pinnately , Bipinnately, Palmately)
Leaf arrangement
Opposite
Leaf shape
Lanceolate; Oblong
Leaf feel
Waxy
Leaf value
Showy
Leaf size
3-6 inches long, 1-3 inches wide
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
The cross-vine climbs by using branched tendrils to wrap around stems or bark to support the vine as it grows up tall objects like fences or pine trees. The leaves are opposite, compound with two leaflets and one branched tendril on each petiole.
Fall color
Gold/Yellow; Purple/Lavender; Red/Burgundy
Flower color
Gold/Yellow; Orange; Red/Burgundy
Flower value
Fragrant; Showy
Flower form
Cyme
Flower shape
Trumpet
Flower size
1-3 inches
Flower detail
The flowers bloom in late winter to early spring on new wood in clusters of 2 to 5 flowers. The flower color can range from orange and yellow to a reddish-orange color.
Bloom time
Spring; Winter
Fruit color
Brown/Copper; Green
Fruit type
Legume
Fruit size
> 3 inches long
Fruit detail
greenish, pods (to 7” long) which mature in late summer and persist into fall
Bark color
Light Brown; Light Gray
Bark detail
gray-brown and finely scaled with longitudinal splits
Stem detail
A cross section of stem reveals a marking resembling the Greek cross, hence the common name.
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Native
Origin
Southern Ontario and Eastern United States
Distribution
Southern Ontario, Eastern US
Wildlife value
Attracts butterflies, hummingbirds, white-tailed deer and beavers eat the foliage.
Attracts
Bees; Butterflies; Hummingbirds; Pollinators
Play value
Attractive Flowers; Attracts Pollinators; Wildlife Food Source
Food & Medicine
Harvest time
Summer
Fruit type
Legume

Uses (ethnobotany)

This plant was used by Native Americans for medicinal purposes.

Landscape Use
Landscape location
Recreational Play Area; Woodland
Landscape theme
Butterfly Garden; Children's Garden; Native Garden; Pollinator Garden; Winter Garden
Garden tags
#apvg #ncemgva2018 #showy flowers #full sun tolerant #hummingbird friendly #evergreen #children's garden #orange flowers #beavers #winter interest #pollinator plant #native garden #native vine #NC native #medicinal #fall color yellow #food source nectar #food source summer #Coastal FAC #Piedmont Mountains FAC #fast growing #butterfly friendly #apvg-vg #Audubon #coastal plant #aggressive #flowers early spring #tropical feel #flowers late winter #fall interest #playground plant #wildlife friendly #cpp #HS111 #weedy #fire high flammability #HS304
Problems & Resistance
Problems
Weedy
Resistant to
Compaction; Deer; Drought; Heat; Heavy Shade
Particularly resistant to
heavy shade
Propagation
Root Cutting; Seed
Fire risk
high flammability

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.