Butterfly Bush

Buddleja (bud-LAY-yah)

Family: Scrophulariaceae Non-native Shrub (3-15 ft)

The genus, Buddleja, includes 111 species of shrubs and trees native to Tropical and Subtropical America, Northeast and South Africa, Madagascar, and Asia. Plants in this genus are often found along river banks, roadsides, forest margins, and other disturbed areas. The species are primarily used as ornamentals and for their ability to attract butterflies and pollinators. They have vibrant and colorful flowers in varying panicle shapes and sizes, plus there are many new cultivars available. The common name for this genus is butterfly bush, and it is a member of the figwort family (Scrophulariaceae). The genus name, Buddleja, honors the Reverend Adam Buddle, an English botanist and clergyman. The shrubs can range in height from 5 to 10 feet tall or as tall as 16 feet, and a few are classified as trees. There are both evergreen and deciduous species, with evergreen species occurring in tropical areas. Most are drought and poor-soil-tolerant, and they prefer full sun and well-drained soil. The shrubs in this genus tend to respond well to pruning in the spring, followed by vigorous growth and larger flower production. One of the most popular species is B. davidii, which has naturalized in portions of the United States and other parts of the world. Most of the species have similar traits. The bark is fibrous and fissured. The stems will frequently have white to gray hairs. The leaves are green to grayish-green, opposite, and rarely alternate. They are usually lanceolate or ovate-shaped with entire, crenate, or serrate margins. The flowers are terminal panicles or cymes of small tubular fragrant blooms that produce nectar and pollen. Their colors range from white, yellow, orange, and shades of purple. The fruits are 2-valved capsules containing many small, brown, winged seeds. Many species of butterfly bush are used in cottage gardens and as border or foundation plantings. They are beautiful when blooming and a popular choice in the landscape. Consider the plant size, color, and growth habit, and avoid plants that may be weedy or aggressive. Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems : Exhibits no serious insect or disease problems. Monitor for spider mites, figwort weevils, and caterpillars. Fungal diseases such as leaf spot, root rot, and gray mold can occur. The species, B. davidii, tends to be weedy and somewhat aggressive. Consult with your invasive plant council when considering this species.

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 63 attributes.