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Chikasaw Pecan

Carya illinoinensis (KAIR-ee-ah il-li-noy-NEN-sis)

Family: Juglandaceae Unknown Canopy (>40 ft)

Hardy pecan 'Chickasaw' is a cultivar tree in the Juglandaceae (walnut) family. Bred by L. D. Romberg in 1944 it is a cross between 'Brooks' and 'Evers'. It is grown mostly for its delicious edible nuts that appear in the summer after an insignificant bloom. This particular cultivar is known for its dramatic fluctuation in bearing nuts; production can be inconsistent with a harvest of poor-quality nuts followed the next year by low yield. 'Chickasaw' grows best in full sun. It tolerates clay, sand, and loam soils—neutral to acidic—as long as they are well drained. It has high drought tolerance once established. Learn more about selection, planting, and care of pecan trees . 'Chickasaw' will usually grow 30 to 40 feet tall with a spread of 30 to 40 feet. This deciduous tree has a fine texture and spreading form. It was bred to have moderate disease resistance to pecan scab. Pollination is the second most important factor in purchasing pecan trees. Pecan trees are monoecious: they have separate male and female flowers on the same tree. Pollen is not released when flowers are receptive, so pollination within and between the same cultivars is limited. Cultivars are separated into type I and type II for pollination purposes. 'Chickasaw' is a type II pollinator. For optimum pollination, NC State Extension recommends planting at least three cultivars with at least one of each pollination type for best cross-pollination. All cultivars have positive and negative attributes, so do your research before purchasing. Nut production can be reduced in the northern part of its growing range, especially when spring is late and the summer is cool. It can be difficult to transplant due to a deep taproot, so choose your planting location wisely with its large mature size in mind. Pecans tolerate being planted near black walnut trees. This tree requires a medium amount of maintenance. Due to its size, this is a tree most appropriate for a large property. It makes a good shade tree in a naturalized, woodland, or recreational area and as part of a children’s, edible, or pollinator garden. Quick ID Hints: Leaves are alternate, pinnately compound Leaflets are falcate, crenate Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: Aphids, pecan weevils, stink bugs, twig girdlers, and fall webworms can cause some issues. Powdery mildew, peach leaf curl, fire blight, brown rot, bacterial spot, and cedar apple rust. Scab can infect both nuts and foliage, but scab-resistant cultivars are available. Pecans are known for their brittle branches prone to breakage, especially in wind, and late frosts can reduce nut production. Dropped nuts can be messy on hardscaped surfaces. VIDEO Created by Elisabeth Meyer for " Edibles, Bulbs, and Houseplants " a plant identification course offered in partnership with Longwood Gardens.

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 50 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 1 - Canopy (>40 ft) Optimal soil pH Acid (<6.0); Alkaline (>8.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Fills a similar niche Carya illinoinensis Carya illinoinensis 'Cape Fear' Carya illinoinensis 'Elliot'

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Edible; Tree
Life cycle
Woody
USDA zones
7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b
Light
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Soil pH
Acid (<6.0); Alkaline (>8.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Soil drainage
Good Drainage
Available space
24-60 feet
NC region
Coastal; Piedmont
Mature size
Height: 30 ft. 0 in. - 40 ft. 0 in. | Width: 30 ft. 0 in. - 40 ft. 0 in.
Growth rate
Medium
Maintenance
Medium
Canopy layer
1 - Canopy (>40 ft)
Form & Appearance
Texture
Fine
Foliage
Deciduous
Leaf color
Green
Leaf type
Compound (Pinnately , Bipinnately, Palmately)
Leaf arrangement
Alternate
Leaf shape
Lanceolate
Leaf margin
Serrate
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
Compound alternate leaves with 9-17 lanceolate leaflets that have serrate margins. Yellow fall color.
Fall color
Gold/Yellow
Flower form
Insignificant
Flower detail
Flowers are sterile
Bloom time
Summer
Fruit color
Brown/Copper
Fruit type
Nut
Fruit value
Edible; Showy
Fruit size
1-3 inches long, 1-3 inches wide
Fruit detail
Elliptic nut, alternates bearing years. Fruits mature mid-season a little earlier than 'Stuart'. Kernals may be dark.
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Unknown
Wildlife value
Fruits feed small mammals and some birds. Larval host plant to the Luna moth. This plant supports Hickory Horndevil (Citheronia regalis) larvae which have one brood and appear from May to mid-September. Adult Hickory Horndevil moths do not feed.
Attracts
Moths; Pollinators; Small Mammals; Songbirds
Food & Medicine
Edible parts
Fruit; Nuts
Harvest time
Fall; Summer
Fruit type
Nut

Edibility

Nuts are edible fresh or cooked. Harvest when husk opens and releases nut. Before storing, dry pecans in paper or burlap bags hung in an area with good air movement. Freeze for long-term storage.

Landscape Use
Landscape location
Naturalized Area; Recreational Play Area; Woodland
Landscape theme
Nighttime Garden; Pollinator Garden
Design feature
Shade Tree
Garden tags
#recreational areas #wind pollinated #hickory horndevil moth #showy fruits #wind damage prone #small mammals #edible tree #naturalized area #deciduous tree #nighttime garden #disease resistant #edible nuts #bird friendly #shade tree #messy #larval host plant #wildlife friendly #woodland
Problems & Resistance
Insect problems
Growing Pecans in North Carolina; Black Pecan Aphid; Brown Marmorated Stink Bug (North Carolina); Twig Girdler
Disease problems
Phylloxera on Hickory and Pecan; Cedar Apple Rust; Fire Blight
Problems
Messy
Resistant to
Diseases

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.