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Forkert Pecan

Carya illinoinensis (KAIR-ee-ah il-li-noy-NEN-sis)

Family: Juglandaceae Unknown Canopy (>40 ft)

'Forkert' is a cultivar of the Carya illinoinensis pecan tree that is recommended in the southeast United States. This cultivar is noted for the consistent quality of its nuts, which are large, with a thin shell that is easy to crack making it a popular nut in the "in-shell" market. 'Forkert' is a hardy pecan that grows best in full sun to partial shade. It tolerates clay, sand, and loam soils—alkaline or acidic—as long as they are well drained. It has high drought tolerance. Learn more about selection, planting, and care of pecan trees . 'Forkert' will usually grow 50 to 100 feet tall with a spread of 30 to 75 feet. The largest of the hickories, this deciduous tree has a uniform, symmetrical, broadly oval crown and is massively-branched. Large major limbs grow up and out from the trunk in a distinctive upright, spreading fashion. On older trees, lower branches become wide and sweeping, with their tips almost touching the ground. Trunks can grow to 6 feet in diameter. Pollination is the second most important factor in purchasing pecan trees. Pecan trees are monoecious: meaning they have separate male and female flowers on the same tree. Pollen is not released when flowers are receptive, so pollination within and between the same cultivars is limited. Cultivars are separated into type I and type II for pollination purposes. 'Forkert' is a Type II pecan. For optimum pollination, NC State Extension recommends planting at least three cultivars with at least one of each pollination type for best cross-pollination. Due to its size, this is a tree most appropriate for a large property. It makes a good shade tree in a naturalized, woodland, or recreational area and as part of a children’s, edible, or pollinator garden. Quick ID Hints: Leaves are alternate, pinnately compound Leaflets are falcate, crenate Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: Aphids, pecan weevils, stink bugs, twig girdlers, and fall webworms can cause some issues. It has a poor resistance to scab which can infect both nuts and foliage, but scab-resistant cultivars are available. Pecans are known for their brittle branches prone to breakage, especially in wind, and late frosts can reduce nut production. VIDEO Created by Elisabeth Meyer for "Vegetables, Herbs, Fruits, and Nuts," a plant identification course developed in partnership with Longwood Gardens. More information on Carya illinoinensis .

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 66 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 1 - Canopy (>40 ft) Optimal soil pH Acid (<6.0); Alkaline (>8.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Fills a similar niche Carya glabra var. odorata Carya illinoinensis 'Cape Fear' Carya illinoinensis 'Chickasaw'

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Edible; Tree
Life cycle
Woody
USDA zones
6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b
Light
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Soil texture
Clay; Loam (Silt); Sand
Soil pH
Acid (<6.0); Alkaline (>8.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Soil drainage
Good Drainage | Moist | Occasionally Dry
Available space
more than 60 feet
NC region
Coastal; Mountains; Piedmont
Mature size
Height: 70 ft. 0 in. - 100 ft. 0 in. | Width: 40 ft. 0 in. - 75 ft. 0 in.
Growth rate
Medium
Maintenance
Medium
Canopy layer
1 - Canopy (>40 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Erect; Oval; Rounded; Spreading
Texture
Medium
Foliage
Deciduous
Leaf color
Green
Leaf type
Compound (Pinnately , Bipinnately, Palmately)
Leaf arrangement
Alternate
Leaf shape
Lanceolate
Leaf margin
Serrate
Leaf feel
Smooth
Leaf size
> 6 inches long
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
The green leaves are alternate and pinnate with 9-17 leaflets. Yellow fall color. Leaflets are lanceolate with serrate margins. Midrib of leaf and leaflets may be slightly curved. Fewer and longer leaflets than black walnut.
Fall color
Gold/Yellow
Flower color
Cream/Tan; Green
Flower form
Catkin; Insignificant
Flower size
1-3 inches
Flower detail
Insignificant, monoecious, appear April-May. Male flowers are 4"-long yellow-green catkins, female flowers are shorter spikes.
Bloom time
Spring
Fruit color
Brown/Copper
Fruit type
Nut
Fruit value
Edible
Fruit size
1-3 inches long, 1-3 inches wide
Fruit detail
It bears long nut with a thin husk in a cluster of 4. The percentage of kernel is high. Sweet edible nuts with a husk that splits into four sections when they ripen in the fall. Husk begins green and dries to brown. The nut is oval to round, 1-3" long, tan to brown with darker streaking.
Bark color
Dark Gray
Bark detail
Grey-brown bark and rectangular furrows.
Stem color
Brown/Copper; Gray/Silver
Stem detail
Grey-brown stems, raised lenticels, and pubescent buds in a U-shaped, usually shallow, leaf scar.
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Unknown
Wildlife value
Fruits feed small mammals and some birds. Larval host plant to the Luna moth. This plant supports Hickory Horndevil (Citheronia regalis) larvae which have one brood and appear from May to mid-September. Adult Hickory Horndevil moths do not feed.
Attracts
Moths; Pollinators; Small Mammals; Songbirds
Play value
Buffer; Edible fruit; Screening; Shade; Wildlife Food Source; Wind Break
Food & Medicine
Edible parts
Fruit; Nuts
Harvest time
Fall
Fruit type
Nut

Edibility

Nuts are edible fresh or cooked. Harvest when husk opens and releases nut. Before storing, dry pecans in paper or burlap bags hung in an area with good air movement. Freeze for long-term storage.

Landscape Use
Landscape location
Naturalized Area; Woodland
Landscape theme
Edible Garden; Nighttime Garden; Pollinator Garden
Design feature
Shade Tree
Garden tags
#deciduous #wind damage prone #edible nuts #children's garden #pollinator plant #hickory horndevil moth #large tree #small mammals #edible tree #naturalized area #deciduous tree #larval host plant #nighttime garden #bird friendly #woodland
Problems & Resistance
Insect problems
Growing Pecans in North Carolina; Twig Girdler; Brown Marmorated Stink Bug (North Carolina); Black Pecan Aphid
Disease problems
Phylloxera on Hickory and Pecan; Cedar Apple Rust; Fire Blight
Problems
Messy
Resistant to
Drought

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.