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Chameleon Plant

Houttuynia cordata (hoo-TY-nee-ah kor-DAY-tah)

Family: Saururaceae Non-native Herbaceous (1-3 ft)

Chameleon plant is a flowering perennial groundcover in the Saururaceae (Lizard's Tail) family native to southeast Asia. It has showy green and white flowers and leaves with unusual fall color. The genus name Houttuynia comes from the 18th centry Dutch naturalist Martin Houttuyn. Cordata is Latin for heart-shaped referring to leaves. With a creeping habit, it spreads quickly by rhizomes that can grow from any segment of its foliage and can reach one to two feet in height continuously spreading along the ground as it grows. It prefers full sun, but is very shade tolerant; however, it does not tolerate drought conditions. It does best in moist soil to shallow standing water (1-2 in.) The roots run deep and the plant can become very difficult to remove once established . Exercise caution when using this plant in the landscape by putting it in a 1 to 2-gallon container in the ground, or an area bounded by sidewalk or driveway to contain it. Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: Aphids, slugs and snails can be problematic. Spreads aggressively, consider native alternatives in the left-hand column.

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 52 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 4 - Herbaceous (1-3 ft)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Similar, less problematic Mazus miquelii

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Ground Cover; Perennial; Water Plant
Life cycle
Perennial
USDA zones
4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b
Light
Deep shade (Less than 2 hours to no direct sunlight) | Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
High Organic Matter; Loam (Silt)
Soil drainage
Frequent Standing Water | Moist | Occasional Flooding | Occasionally Wet
Available space
12 inches-3 feet
NC region
Coastal; Mountains; Piedmont
Mature size
Height: 0 ft. 6 in. - 1 ft. 8 in. | Width: 1 ft. 0 in. - 10 ft. 0 in.
Growth rate
Rapid
Maintenance
High
Canopy layer
4 - Herbaceous (1-3 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Creeping
Texture
Medium
Foliage
Deciduous
Leaf color
Blue; Green
Leaf type
Simple
Leaf arrangement
Alternate
Leaf shape
Cordate; Ovate
Leaf margin
Entire
Leaf value
Showy
Leaf size
1-3 inches long, 1-3 inches wide
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
Blue green ovate to cordate simple leaves with entire margins. Leaves may be aromatic with a foul fishy odor if crushed.
Fall color
Gold/Yellow; Red/Burgundy
Flower color
Green; White
Flower form
Spike
Flower shape
Cross
Flower size
< 1 inch
Flower detail
Tiny flowers are on tall conical lime green spikes surrounded by four white bracts.
Bloom time
Spring; Summer
Stem color
Red/Burgundy
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Non-native
Origin
Southeastern Asia
Food & Medicine

Edibility

This plant is consumed in areas of the Far East

Uses (ethnobotany)

Used in Vietnamese cooking

Landscape Use
Garden tags
#deciduous #summer flowers #fast growing #aggressive #fragrant leaves #high maintenance #container plant #malodorous #wet soils tolerant #drought intolerant #standing water tolerant #weedy
Problems & Resistance
Insect problems
Aphids on Ornamental Landscape Plants; Slugs & Snails on Ornamental Plants
Problems
Malodorous; Weedy
Resistant to
Heavy Shade; Wet Soil

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.