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Lodden Lily

Leucojum aestivum (lew-KOH-jum ES-tih-vum)

Family: Amaryllidaceae Non-native Herbaceous (1-3 ft)

Summer Snowflake is a bulbous perennial in the onion family and native to Europe and Asia. At maturity in 2 to 5 years, the plant grows up to 24 inches tall. Despite the common name of Summer Snowflake, the plant's drooping, white, green-tipped flowers bloom mid-spring and not in the summer. The genus name is Greek for scented white flowers. The species epithet means flowering in summer. This plant does best in organic, well drained, damp soil in full or partial sun. It is tolerant of shade, drought during summer dormancy, but needs consistent moisture during its growth period. This plant is also tolerant of wet and clay soils, but acidic soils should be avoided. Plant in autumn and bury the bulbs 2 to 4 inches deep and spaced 6 inches apart. Do not disturb the bulbs once planted. When grown from seed, it can take several years before blossoms appear. This plant spreads readily and is often planted as an ornamental ground cover in lawns, rock gardens, under deciduous trees, in shrub borders, woodland gardens, and in flower beds. It is considered invasive in Delaware. It does best when it is planted in mass. This plant is seldom damaged by deer. Although sometimes confused with Common Snowdrop, G. nivalis, the Summer Snowflake has tepals of equivalent size where Common Snowdrop has inner tepals that are shorter than the outer tepals. The Clemson University Home and Garden website has a fact sheet on growing Summer Snowflake and a comparison with Common Snowdrop. Quick ID Hints: 6 tepals of equivalent length with green marks at the apex. Linear, strap-like leaves grow up to 12 inches tall. Two to five nodding, bell-shaped, white flowers; ovaries are inferior. Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: No known diseases. Can be susceptible to slugs and snails and bulb flies. More information on Leucojum vernum .

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 53 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 4 - Herbaceous (1-3 ft) Optimal soil pH Alkaline (>8.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Fills a similar niche Convallaria majalis Viola striata x Heucherella

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Bulb; Ground Cover; Herbaceous Perennial; Perennial
Life cycle
Bulb; Perennial
USDA zones
4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b
Light
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
Clay; High Organic Matter; Loam (Silt)
Soil pH
Alkaline (>8.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Soil drainage
Good Drainage | Moist | Occasionally Wet
Available space
Less than 12 inches
NC region
Coastal; Mountains; Piedmont
Mature size
Height: 1 ft. 0 in. - 2 ft. 0 in. | Width: 0 ft. 9 in. - 1 ft. 0 in.
Growth rate
Medium
Maintenance
Low
Canopy layer
4 - Herbaceous (1-3 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Clumping; Spreading
Leaf color
Green
Leaf type
Simple
Leaf arrangement
Rosulate
Leaf shape
Linear
Leaf size
> 6 inches long, < 1 inch wide
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
Dark green, grass-like leaves are basal, linear, grow to 12 inches long forming an upright, vase-shaped clump.
Flower color
Green; White
Flower value
Fragrant; Showy
Flower form
Umbel
Flower shape
Bell
Flower detail
White, nodding, bell-shaped flowers appear at the top of 12 inch tall, leafless scapes (stalks) in spring. Each flower has three sepals and petals that are spotted at the tip with green. Flowers are faintly scented.
Bloom time
Spring
Fruit color
Black
Fruit type
Capsule
Fruit detail
This plant produces capsules with black seeds that ripen in summer.
Stem detail
Scapes are stout, hollow, and are terminated by a spathe of 1 membrance bract.
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Non-native
Origin
Europe and Western Asia to North Iran
Distribution
Introduced into Spain, Great Britain, Australia, and the Eastern United States from Maine to Georgia and west to Texas.
Food & Medicine
Harvest time
Summer
Fruit type
Capsule

Edibility

The bulbs are not edible.

Landscape Use
Landscape location
Lawn; Slope/Bank; Woodland
Landscape theme
Rock Garden
Design feature
Border; Mass Planting
Garden tags
#deer resistant #white flowers #rock garden #mass planting #groundcover #spreading #fantz #winter interest #spring interest #spring flowering bulbs #bulb #cutting garden #lawn planting #woodland #shrub border #perennial bulbs #clumping #fragrant flowers #bushy #geophyte
Problems & Resistance
Insect problems
Narcissus Bulb Fly
Resistant to
Black Walnut; Compaction; Deer; Drought; Heavy Shade; Wet Soil
Propagation
Division; Seed

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.