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Grape Hyacinth

Muscari armeniacum (moo-SKAR-ee ar-mee-nee-AY-kum)

Family: Asparagaceae Non-native Groundcover (<1 ft)

Grape hyacinth is a bulbous perennial herb in the Asparagaceae (asparagus) family with origins in southeastern Europe, Armenia, and Asia Minor. It can grow up to 6 inches tall and features slightly fragrant, densely packed, deep violet-blue, bell-shaped flowers that resemble an elongated, upside-down bunch of grapes, hence the common name. This plant does best in full sun to partial shade, under cool and moist conditions, and grows easily in average, well-drained soils. It tolerates summer drought but requires moisture during the growing season. Watering should be reduced after foliage begins to die back since dormancy occurs from late spring until autumn, when leaves again appear. Recommended propagation is by removing offsets and dividing every four to five years. It is difficult to grow this plant from seed as it can take up to 4 years to bloom. Plant bulbs by burying them 5 inches deep and 3 to 4 inches apart. Mass plant it in border fronts, open areas, in grassy slopes, along the edges of rock gardens, or walkways and among shrubs and in naturalized drifts. Because it naturalizes readily, grape hyacinth can be weedy may crowd out other species. Growing it in a container would minimize that tendency. Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: Occasionally damaged by deer, otherwise generally pest and disease free. VIDEO Created by Elisabeth Meyer for "Annuals, Perennials, Vines, and Groundcovers," a plant identification course developed in partnership with Longwood Gardens. More information on Muscari .

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 52 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 5 - Groundcover (<1 ft)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Bulb; Herbaceous Perennial
Life cycle
Bulb; Perennial
USDA zones
4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b
Light
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
High Organic Matter
Soil drainage
Good Drainage | Moist
Available space
Less than 12 inches
NC region
Coastal; Mountains; Piedmont
Mature size
Height: 0 ft. 6 in. - 0 ft. 9 in. | Width: 0 ft. 3 in. - 0 ft. 6 in.
Growth rate
Medium
Maintenance
Low
Canopy layer
5 - Groundcover (<1 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Open
Leaf color
Green
Leaf type
Simple
Leaf arrangement
Rosulate
Leaf shape
Linear
Leaf margin
Entire
Leaf feel
Smooth
Leaf size
> 6 inches long, < 1 inch wide
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
Narrow, linear, fleshy, basal, green leaves, grass-like, (to 12 inches long and less than an inch wide) that appear in autumn and live through winter to spring when the plants flower and are often equal to exceeding scape. They are slightly cupped and may be a bit glaucous.
Flower color
Blue; Pink; Purple/Lavender; White
Flower value
Good Cut; Showy
Flower form
Raceme
Flower shape
Bell; Urn
Flower size
< 1 inch
Flower detail
Flowers are numerous, royal blue with a thin white rim on each bell, urceolate, fragrant, and nodding in dense 1"-3" scapose racemes. The perianth fused most of the length, lobes are minute, paler, or white. Sterile flowers usually appear on the upper part of the raceme and are few in number, smaller, and paler. Flowers bloom in mid-spring (April/May). Some cultivars exist with pink flowers.
Bloom time
Spring
Fruit color
Brown/Copper; Green
Fruit type
Capsule
Fruit detail
This plant produces 3-lobed capsules that are green to brown in color. In fruit, the capsules are scattered on the inflorescence axis, the round black seeds that are produced can take up to 4 years to produce blooms.
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Non-native
Origin
Southeastern Europe, Armenia, Asia Minor
Attracts
Bees
Food & Medicine
Fruit type
Capsule
Landscape Use
Landscape location
Container; Meadow; Naturalized Area; Slope/Bank; Walkways; Woodland
Landscape theme
Cottage Garden; Cutting Garden; Fairy Garden; Rock Garden
Design feature
Border; Mass Planting
Garden tags
#showy flowers #mass planting #hardy #rock garden #border planting #purple flowers #drought tolerant #moist soil #full sun tolerant #fantz #spring interest #slow growing #spring flowering bulbs #HS302 #bulb #ebh #ebh-g #non-toxic for cats #non-toxic for horses #non-toxic for dogs #partial shade tolerant #black walnut toxicity tolerant #cutting garden #border front #deer browsing plant #container plant #spring flowers #woodland #weedy #poor soil tolerant #walkway #fairy garden
Problems & Resistance
Problems
Weedy
Resistant to
Black Walnut; Drought; Poor Soil
Propagation
Division

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.