Philodendron
Philodendron (fil-oh-DEN-dron)
Philodendron is a genus of over 600 species of herbaceous perennials in the arum family (Araceae). In their native habitats, tropical forests of Central and South America, they tend to climb on tree trunks or grow as epiphytes, but in North Carolina, they are houseplants. The genus name, Philodendron , is derived from the Greek words phileo, meaning "to love," and dendron, meaning "tree." The plants of this genus prefer bright indirect sunlight, warm temperatures, and moist, well-drained soil that is high in organic matter. Avoid direct sunlight because that can scorch the leaves. Some varieties may require more light than others. The ideal temperature for philodendrons is between 65 and 85 degrees F. They are very sensitive to cold; therefore, drafts should be avoided. They prefer high humidity, but they usually can adapt to an average home's humidity level. If the climate is very dry, consider a humidifier or placing the plant on a tray of pebbles filled with water. Depending on the species, the plant size can vary from 3 to 30 feet tall and 1 to 15 feet wide. Pruning may be needed to help maintain the plant's shape. Repot your plant when it becomes root-bound or pot-bound. Spring is the best time for repotting. Propagate by layering or stem cutting. The genus is divided into two types: climbing and non-climbing. The climbing or vining types have aerial roots that attach themselves to surfaces such as a pole or trellis. They include Philodendron hederaceum and Philodendron erubescens . The non-climbing or self-heading types grow upright and include Philodendron bipinnatifidum and hybrids such as ' Birkin ' and ' Moonlight.' The latter types have very short stems and leaves held in a rosette. Their leaves are large and have a variety of shapes. Young and mature plants can have very different appearances, making species identification difficult. Both types are popular houseplants for the home or office. They are used in containers and hanging baskets. Philodendron hederaceum is the most common variety of houseplant and has solid green leaves. Philodendron bipinnatifidum (tree philodendron) is typically used in warmer climates, zone 9a or higher, as a foundation plant, growing up to 12 to 15 feet tall. Insects, Diseases and Other Plant Problems : Monitor for mealybugs, aphids, scale, banded greenhouse thrips and spider mites. Overwatering can cause root rot. Leaf spots can occur but may be prevented by increased air circulation and by keeping the leaves from getting wet.
Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 52 attributes.
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