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Common Heather

Calluna vulgaris (kal-LOO-nah vul-GAIR-iss)

Family: Ericaceae Non-native Herbaceous (1-3 ft)

Common heather is a evergreen flowering shrub in the heather family (Ericaceae), native to Europe and Asia Minor. The Genus name is probably from Ancient Greek kallýnō, meaning 'beautify, sweep clean', referring to their use in making brooms. The specific epithet vulgaris is Latin for 'common'. Heather grows up to 2 feet tall and occasionally taller with a similar spread. Grow in full sun to partial shade in moist, well-drained sandy or rocky acidic soils. The soil should not be allowed to dry out and little fertilizer is required. Prune the shrub in early spring to prevent legginess. Heather is intolerant of heat and humidity and should not be planted south of zone 6. It has naturalized in parts of the northeast United States. Heather will form thick mats with tiny scale-like leaves and pink to purplish flowers appear on spikes in mid to late summer. Their are many cultivars of this plant available. Use this shrub in the border of the perennial garden or mass planted on slopes or in rock gardens. Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: Scale and spider mites can be problems. Stem rot occurs during hot, humid summers (like we have in the South).

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 57 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 4 - Herbaceous (1-3 ft) Optimal soil pH Acid (<6.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Fills a similar niche Hibiscus syriacus 'Blue Bird' Phlox subulata Rhododendron minus var. chapmanii
Native alternatives Gaultheria procumbens Kalmia angustifolia var. carolina Spiraea alba

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Ground Cover; Perennial; Shrub
Life cycle
Perennial; Woody
USDA zones
4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b
Light
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
Loam (Silt); Sand; Shallow Rocky
Soil pH
Acid (<6.0)
Soil drainage
Good Drainage | Moist
Available space
12 inches-3 feet
NC region
Mountains
Mature size
Height: 0 ft. 4 in. - 2 ft. 0 in. | Width: 1 ft. 0 in. - 2 ft. 0 in.
Growth rate
Medium
Maintenance
Medium
Canopy layer
4 - Herbaceous (1-3 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Ascending; Dense; Spreading
Texture
Coarse
Foliage
Broadleaf Evergreen
Leaf color
Gray/Silver; Green
Leaf type
Simple
Leaf arrangement
Opposite
Leaf size
< 1 inch long, < 1 inch wide
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
Tiny, needle-like leaves are in groups of 4, opposite, simple, and are medium gray-green. They turn from green to bronze to purple winter color.
Fall color
Brown/Copper; Purple/Lavender
Flower color
Pink; Purple/Lavender; Red/Burgundy
Flower value
Showy
Flower form
Raceme
Flower shape
Urn
Flower size
< 1 inch
Flower detail
Rose to purplish-pink flowers are on 1"-12" one-sided spike-like raceme. They bloom from summer to fall.
Bloom time
Fall; Summer
Fruit type
Capsule
Fruit detail
Produces small, hairy, four-compartmented capsules with small black seeds.
Stem color
Brown/Copper; Gray/Silver
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Non-native
Origin
Eurasia
Wildlife value
Flowers produce high-value nectar attracting a variety of bees.
Attracts
Bees
Food & Medicine
Edible parts
Flowers; Shoots
Harvest time
Fall
Fruit type
Capsule

Edibility

Used to make honey. Flowers and shoots used to flavor tea, beer and ale.

Uses (ethnobotany)

Plants were used to make brooms. The foliage can yield a textile dye.

Landscape Use
Landscape location
Coastal; Naturalized Area; Pond; Riparian; Slope/Bank
Landscape theme
Pollinator Garden; Rock Garden
Design feature
Border; Mass Planting
Garden tags
#evergreen #background planting #rock garden #showy flowers #purple flowers #pink flowers #shrub border #dye plant #cool summers #full sun #partial shade #bee friendly
Problems & Resistance
Resistant to
Deer; Poor Soil
Particularly resistant to
poor soils
Propagation
Division; Seed

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.