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California Incense Cedar

Calocedrus decurrens (kal-oh-SEE-druss DEK-ur-enz)

Family: Cupressaceae Unknown Canopy (>40 ft)

Intense Cedar is a native to western North America. In the US, it can be found as far north as central Oregon, continues south through most of California and east into Nevada and Utah along wooded mountain slopes and canyons. In addition to its aromatic and showy foliage, this conifer sports interesting exfoliating gray-brown bark and showy male and female cones. Its form is broadly conical with spreading branches. The branchlets are flattened and terminate in dense, fan-like sprays. The dark green leaves emit an aromatic odor when crushed. The small male cones are yellow. The female cones are cylindrical and are composed of 6 paired, flattened, and pointed scales. In early fall, as the female cones open, they resemble a duck's bill. They ripen in late summer at lower elevations and a month or so later when situated at higher elevations. It will adapt to a variety of soils, however, it prefers moist, well-drained, fertile soil. It typically does not develop winter burn. When deep, infrequent watering is provided to a young tree, it can develop drought tolerance as the tree ages. Wildfires can kill stands of young trees, while mature trees are protected from fire by their thick bark. Its wide spreading lateral roots and the abundance of downward roots (taproots) form a strong structure for the tree while making it a poor choice for transplanting. Seedlings grow slowly, but also produce well-developed root systems, extending up to 12" in depth in their first year. The seedling survival rate is inhibited by deer browsing and low sunlight. Its soft wood, which is resistant to splintering, is a major wood used in the manufacture of pencils. The strong aroma makes it a great choice for cedar chests and closets. Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: Issues may include cut worms, heart rot and rust. Although mature trees are drought tolerant, drought is a major cause in the demise of seedlings. It is a difficult tree to transplant. VIDEO created by Ryan Contreras for “Landscape Plant Materials I: Deciduous Hardwoods and Conifers or Landscape Plant Materials II: Spring Flowering Trees and Shrubs” a plant identification course offered by the Department of Horticulture at Oregon State University

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 60 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 1 - Canopy (>40 ft) Optimal soil pH Neutral (6.0-8.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Fills a similar niche Cedrus atlantica Cedrus deodara 'Devinely Blue' Cupressus sempervirens

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Tree
Life cycle
Woody
USDA zones
5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b
Light
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
Loam (Silt)
Soil pH
Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Soil drainage
Good Drainage | Moist | Occasionally Wet
Available space
12-24 feet
NC region
Coastal; Mountains; Piedmont
Mature size
Height: 30 ft. 0 in. - 70 ft. 0 in. | Width: 10 ft. 0 in. - 20 ft. 0 in.
Growth rate
Medium
Maintenance
Low
Canopy layer
1 - Canopy (>40 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Erect; Pyramidal; Spreading
Texture
Medium
Foliage
Needled Evergreen
Leaf color
Green
Leaf type
Needles; Simple
Leaf arrangement
Opposite
Leaf shape
Linear
Leaf feel
Smooth
Leaf value
Fragrant; Showy
Leaf size
< 1 inch long, < 1 inch wide
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
Shiny, dark green foliage in flattened, vertical sprays holds its color in winter.
Flower color
Gold/Yellow
Flower size
< 1 inch
Flower detail
Male and female cones form on this tree.
Bloom time
Spring
Fruit color
Brown/Copper; Red/Burgundy
Fruit size
< 1 inch long, < 1 inch wide
Fruit detail
Cones containing up to 4 seeds each are reddish-brown in the fall. They remain until spring.
Bark color
Dark Brown; Green; Light Gray; Red/Burgundy
Bark detail
The exfoliating, scaly bark provides winter interest.
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Unknown
Origin
Western U.S.A., Mexico
Distribution
CA, NV, OR, UT
Wildlife value
It serves as a host plant for many species of butterflies and moths.
Attracts
Butterflies; Moths
Play value
Attracts Pollinators; Buffer; Easy to Grow; Fragrance; Screening; Textural; Wildlife Larval Host
Food & Medicine

Uses (ethnobotany)

Landscape plant.

Landscape Use
Landscape location
Coastal; Slope/Bank; Woodland
Landscape theme
Butterfly Garden; Rain Garden; Winter Garden
Design feature
Accent; Barrier; Border; Hedge; Specimen
Garden tags
#evergreen #needled evergreen #winter interest #dendrology #dry soils intolerant #heat tolerant #conifer #humidity tolerant #shearing #wind dispersed seeds #butterfly garden #drought tolerant #host plant #landscape plant sleuths course #frost tolerant #larval host plant #long lived
Problems & Resistance
Resistant to
Drought; Heat
Particularly resistant to
heat and drought
Propagation
Seed
Fire risk
high flammability

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.