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Common Madder

Rubia tinctorum

Family: Rubiaceae Non-native Vine (vertical)

Common madder is an evergreen climbing perennial in the coffee family (Rubiaceae) native to Eurasia. The roots have been used since ancient times as a red dye. Madder grows 1.5 to 3 feet tall and wide in well-drained soils that are moist to dry. The leaves and stems bear tiny recurved hooks that allow the plant to scramble and climb among neighboring vegetation. Propagation is by seed, and germination can be slow. They can also be divided. The small star-shaped yellow flowers appear in large clusters in summer. They are followed by clusters of berries turning from red to purple. The leaves whorled around the stems in groups of 4 to 7. This plant is primarily grown for its roots, which produce a red dye. Grow on a trellis for best results. Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: No significant problems

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 51 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 6 - Vine (vertical) Optimal soil pH Neutral (6.0-8.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Fills a similar niche Calluna vulgaris Dactylicapnos scandens 'Athens Yellow' Fallopia aubertii

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Vine
Life cycle
Perennial
USDA zones
5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b
Light
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
Loam (Silt); Sand
Soil pH
Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Soil drainage
Good Drainage
Available space
12 inches-3 feet
NC region
Coastal; Mountains; Piedmont
Mature size
Height: 1 ft. 6 in. - 3 ft. 0 in. | Width: 1 ft. 6 in. - 3 ft. 0 in.
Growth rate
Medium
Maintenance
Low
Canopy layer
6 - Vine (vertical)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Climbing; Spreading
Texture
Medium
Leaf color
Green
Leaf type
Simple
Leaf arrangement
Whorled
Leaf shape
Lanceolate
Leaf margin
Entire
Leaf size
1-3 inches long, < 1 inch wide
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
Leaves are 2 to 4 inches long and 1 inch wide, produced in whorls of 4 to 7 around the stem.Theleaves andstems have tiny hooks for climbing.
Flower color
Gold/Yellow
Flower form
Raceme
Flower shape
Star
Flower size
< 1 inch
Flower detail
Tiny pale yellow, 5-petaled flowers appear in dense clusters from June to August.
Bloom time
Summer
Fruit type
Berry
Fruit size
< 1 inch long, < 1 inch wide
Fruit detail
Berries are red, maturing to purple
Stem color
Green
Stem detail
Green scrambling, quadrangular stems with tiny hooks for climbing
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Non-native
Origin
Eurasia
Food & Medicine
Fruit type
Berry

Uses (ethnobotany)

Has been used as a red dye for leather, wool, cotton and silk

Landscape Use
Landscape location
Coastal; Vertical Spaces
Design feature
Small groups
Garden tags
#dye plant #partial shade #climbing plant #purple berries #yellow flowers #trellis #full sun
Problems & Resistance
Propagation
Division; Seed

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.