Students for Stewardship The Cork Board
← Back to the library

Triticale

Triticosecale (TRIH-tih-ko-see-KAY-lee)

Family: Poaceae Unknown Herbaceous (3-15 ft)

Triticale is an artificial hybrid of wheat ( Triticum spp . ) and rye ( Secale cereal ) . Several species of wheat have been used to create different hybrids, but they are similar in their garden performance. It is a deep-rooted, annual grass and a member of the grass family (Poaceae). The genus name is a portmanteau of its parental genera. Triticale has the disease tolerance of rye and the hardiness of winter wheat, but the drought tolerance is greater than that of either parent. Although the grain is edible, most triticale is grown for forage or as a cover crop. Triticale grows in average to poor garden loam or clay soil, as long as it is free-draining. Full sun will give better results than partial shade. Sow in the fall for a winter cover crop. Plant in drills about ¾ to 1½ inches deep or broadcast (at 50 pounds per acre). The optimum harvest stage for forage is just before flower spike emergence. As a cover crop, triticale is very good at weed suppression, growing in low fertility soils, and growing quickly. It is rated as having excellent erosion control and grazing quality. It is an excellent nitrogen scavenger. It is rated as good at fighting compaction and tolerating shade. Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: In high-fertility soils, lodging can be a problem. Triticale is highly susceptible to ergot. Triticale is susceptible to black cutworm and fall armyworm and the P. penetrans lesion nematode.

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 39 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 4 - Herbaceous (3-15 ft) Optimal soil pH Neutral (6.0-8.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Often confused with Secale cereale Triticum aestivum

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Annual; Ground Cover
Life cycle
Annual
Light
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
Clay; Loam (Silt); Sand
Soil pH
Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Soil drainage
Good Drainage | Occasionally Dry
Available space
Less than 12 inches
NC region
Coastal; Mountains; Piedmont
Mature size
Height: 2 ft. 0 in. - 4 ft. 0 in. | Width: 0 ft. 6 in. - 1 ft. 0 in.
Growth rate
Rapid
Maintenance
Low
Canopy layer
4 - Herbaceous (3-15 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Erect
Leaf color
Green
Leaf shape
Linear
Leaf feel
Papery
Leaf size
> 6 inches long, < 1 inch wide
Hairs present
Yes
Flower form
Insignificant
Fruit color
Brown/Copper
Fruit type
Caryopsis
Fruit value
Edible
Fruit size
< 1 inch long, < 1 inch wide
Fruit detail
Fruit is a grain similar to wheat.
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Unknown
Food & Medicine
Edible parts
Fruit
Harvest time
Spring
Fruit type
Caryopsis
Landscape Use
Garden tags
#cover crop #cover crop-winter #partial shade tolerant #annual grass #forage #poor soil tolerant
Problems & Resistance
Insect problems
Black Cutworm; Fall Armyworms in Turf
Other problems
Lesion Nematode in Corn
Resistant to
Compaction; Dry Soil; Poor Soil
Propagation
Seed

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.